Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
National Center for Integrated Coastal Research, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1404:127-147. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_7.
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the aquatic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Interestingly, to date, only one major clade has emerged to cause pandemic disease in humans: the clade that encompasses the strains from the O1 and O139 serogroups. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the virulence factors and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) associated with the emergence of pandemic V. cholerae strains and highlight novel findings such as specific genomic background or interactions between MGEs that explain their confined distribution. Finally, we discuss pandemic cholera dynamics contextualizing them within the evolution of the bacterium.
霍乱是一种由水生细菌霍乱弧菌引起的严重腹泻病。有趣的是，迄今为止，只有一个主要分支已经出现并在人类中引发大流行疾病：包含 O1 和 O139 血清群菌株的分支。在本章中，我们提供了一个全面的视角，介绍了与大流行霍乱弧菌菌株的出现相关的毒力因子和可移动遗传元件（MGEs），并强调了一些新的发现，如特定的基因组背景或 MGEs 之间的相互作用，这些发现解释了它们的局限分布。最后，我们讨论了大流行霍乱的动态，将其置于细菌进化的背景下。
