Huang Yanxiong, Zhang Zhilong, Lin Shihao, Zhou Haobin, Xu Guiyun
Department of Clinical Psychology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
The First People's Hospital of Huizhou City, Huizhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2023 Feb 10;19:361-366. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S396424. eCollection 2023.
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common chronic mental disorder usually characterized by manic, hypomanic and depressive episodes. Patients diagnosed with BD have cognitive impairments in both the mood attack and remission stages, that is impairment of attention, memory and executive function. Up till the present moment, the causative mechanisms of cognitive impairment in BD patients remain poorly understood. Several studies have demonstrated that cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder is not associated with a single factor, but with gene polymorphism, brain structural and functional variables, inflammatory and metabolic factors. Herein, we reviewed and summarized the recent reports on cognitive impairment mechanisms in patients with BD. To prevent or alleviate cognitive damage at an early stage, we propose that future research should focus on investigating the pathological mechanism of specific cognitive dimension damage as well as the pathological mechanism network between the damage of each dimension. It is crucial to recognize mechanisms of cognitive impairment for improving the symptoms and prognosis of BD patients, restoring their social function and integration.
双相情感障碍（BD）是一种常见的慢性精神障碍，通常表现为躁狂、轻躁狂和抑郁发作。被诊断为双相情感障碍的患者在情绪发作和缓解阶段均存在认知障碍，即注意力、记忆力和执行功能受损。截至目前，双相情感障碍患者认知障碍的致病机制仍知之甚少。多项研究表明，双相情感障碍患者的认知障碍并非与单一因素相关，而是与基因多态性、脑结构和功能变量、炎症和代谢因素有关。在此，我们回顾并总结了近期关于双相情感障碍患者认知障碍机制的报道。为了在早期预防或减轻认知损害，我们建议未来的研究应着重于探究特定认知维度损害的病理机制以及各维度损害之间的病理机制网络。认识认知障碍机制对于改善双相情感障碍患者的症状和预后、恢复其社会功能和融入社会至关重要。
