Williams Kendra N, Kephart Josiah L, Fandiño-Del-Rio Magdalena, Nicolaou Laura, Koehler Kirsten, Harvey Steven A, Checkley William
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Energy Sustain Dev. 2023 Apr;73:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.esd.2023.01.005. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
Existing efforts to promote cleaner fuels have not achieved exclusive use. We investigated whether receiving 12 months of free liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and behavioral support could motivate continued purchase and use.
The Cardiopulmonary outcomes and Household Air Pollution (CHAP) trial enrolled 180 women. Half were randomly assigned to an intervention group, which included free LPG delivered in months 1-12 followed by a post-intervention period in which they no longer received free fuel (months 13-24). For the purposes of comparison, we also include months 1-12 of data from control participants. We tracked stove use with temperature monitors, surveys, and observations, and conducted in-depth interviews with 19 participants from the intervention group at the end of their post-intervention period.
Participants from the intervention group used their LPG stove for 85.4 % of monitored days and 63.2 % of cooking minutes during the post-intervention months (13-24) when they were not receiving free fuel from the trial. They used a traditional stove ( on 45.1 % of days post-intervention, which is significantly lower than use by control participants during the intervention period (72.2 % of days). In months 13-24 post-intervention, participants from the intervention group purchased on average 12.3 kg and spent 34.1 soles (10.3 USD) per month on LPG. Continued LPG use was higher among participants who said they could afford two tanks of LPG per month, did not cook for animals, and removed their traditional stove. Women described that becoming accustomed to LPG, support and training from the project, consistent LPG supply, choice between LPG providers, and access to delivery services facilitated sustained LPG use. However, high cost was a major barrier to exclusive use.
A 12-month period of intensive LPG support achieved a high level of sustained LPG use post-intervention, but other strategies are needed to sustain exclusive use.
现有的推广清洁燃料的努力尚未实现独家使用。我们调查了接受12个月的免费液化石油气（LPG）和行为支持是否能促使人们持续购买和使用。
心肺结局与家庭空气污染（CHAP）试验招募了180名女性。其中一半被随机分配到干预组，该组在第1 - 12个月收到免费的LPG，随后进入干预后期，在此期间她们不再收到免费燃料（第13 - 24个月）。为了进行比较，我们还纳入了对照组参与者第1 - 12个月的数据。我们通过温度监测器、调查和观察来跟踪炉灶的使用情况，并在干预后期结束时对干预组的19名参与者进行了深入访谈。
在干预后期（第13 - 24个月），即不再从试验中获得免费燃料时，干预组的参与者在85.4%的监测天数和63.2%的烹饪分钟数中使用了LPG炉灶。他们在干预后期有45.1%的天数使用传统炉灶，这显著低于对照组参与者在干预期间的使用率（72.2%的天数）。在干预后的第13 - 24个月，干预组的参与者平均每月购买12.3千克LPG，花费34.1索尔（10.3美元）。在表示每月能负担得起两罐LPG、不饲养动物且拆除了传统炉灶的参与者中，LPG的持续使用率更高。女性表示，习惯使用LPG、项目提供的支持和培训、稳定的LPG供应、LPG供应商之间的选择以及送货服务的提供都促进了LPG的持续使用。然而，高成本是独家使用的主要障碍。
为期12个月的密集LPG支持在干预后实现了较高水平的LPG持续使用，但需要其他策略来维持独家使用。
