Bristol M M
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7180.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1987 Dec;17(4):469-86. doi: 10.1007/BF01486964.
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a modified Double ABCX or FAAR model in predicting successful adaptation--good marital adjustment, few maternal depressive symptoms, and an in-home rating of family functioning--in 45 families of autistic and communication-impaired children. The model consisted of severity of the handicap and other family stresses, family resources of cohesion and social support, family definition of the handicap, and adequacy of coping patterns. Canonical correlation and subsequent multiple regression procedures demonstrated that family adaptation was positively predicted by adequacy of social support and active coping patterns. Poorer adaptation was predicted by other family stresses, unwarranted maternal self-blame for the handicap, and maternal definition of the handicap as a family catastrophe. Findings for cohesion were mixed. Resources and beliefs were more predictive of adaptation than severity of the child's handicap.
本研究证明了一种改良的双ABCX或FAAR模型在预测45个自闭症和沟通障碍儿童家庭成功适应（良好的婚姻调适、较少的母亲抑郁症状以及家庭功能的家庭内部评分）方面的有效性。该模型包括障碍的严重程度和其他家庭压力、家庭凝聚力和社会支持资源、家庭对障碍的定义以及应对模式的充分性。典型相关分析和随后的多元回归程序表明，社会支持的充分性和积极的应对模式对家庭适应有正向预测作用。其他家庭压力、母亲对障碍无端的自责以及母亲将障碍定义为家庭灾难则预示着较差的适应情况。关于凝聚力的研究结果喜忧参半。资源和信念比儿童障碍的严重程度更能预测适应情况。
