Shao Heng, Du Heyue, Gan Quan, Ye Dequan, Chen Zhuangfei, Zhu Yanqing, Zhu Shasha, Qu Lang, Lu Junyan, Li Yutong, Duan Jing, Gu Yingqi, Chen Meiling
Department of Geriatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan, China.
The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China.
Int J Ment Health Addict. 2023 Feb 10:1-23. doi: 10.1007/s11469-022-00999-4.
Cannabis is the fourth psychoactive substance to be legalized which are of far-reaching significance to the world. We analyzed data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) to estimate the incidence and prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and calculated the disease burden of CUD in 204 countries and territories and 21 regions over the past three decades. We reported disease burden due to CUD in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized rate (ASR), estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), and analyzed associations between the burden of CUD and sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles. Globally, the number of incidence cases of CUD was estimated to be increasing by 32.3% from 1990 to 2019 and males are nearly double higher than that of female. DALYs increase 38.6% from 1990. Young people aged 20-24 years old with cannabis use disorder have the highest DALYs in 2019, followed by those younger than 20 years old. India, Canada, USA, Qatar, Kenya, and high SDI quintile areas showed a high burden of disease. Nearly 200 million individuals are cannabis users worldwide, and CUD is a notable condition of GBD. The global cultivation of cannabis, rooted in different cultures, diversified access to cannabis, legalization in controversy, the promotion of medical cannabis, and many other factors promote the global cannabis industry is constantly updated and upgraded. It deserves more discussion in the future in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, socioeconomics, law, and policy improvement.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-022-00999-4.
大麻是第四种被合法化的精神活性物质，这对世界具有深远意义。我们分析了2019年全球疾病负担研究（GBD）的数据，以估计大麻使用障碍（CUD）的发病率和患病率，并计算过去三十年中204个国家和地区以及21个区域的CUD疾病负担。我们以伤残调整生命年（DALYs）、年龄标准化率（ASR）、估计年百分比变化（EAPC）报告了CUD导致的疾病负担，并分析了CUD负担与社会人口指数（SDI）五分位数之间的关联。在全球范围内，估计1990年至2019年CUD的发病病例数增加了32.3%，男性的发病率几乎是女性的两倍。自1990年以来，DALYs增加了38.6%。2019年，20 - 24岁患有大麻使用障碍的年轻人的DALYs最高，其次是20岁以下的人。印度、加拿大、美国、卡塔尔、肯尼亚以及高SDI五分位数地区显示出较高的疾病负担。全球近2亿人是大麻使用者，CUD是GBD中一个值得关注的状况。全球大麻种植，根植于不同文化，获取大麻的途径多样，合法化存在争议，医用大麻的推广以及许多其他因素促使全球大麻产业不断更新升级。在未来，关于病理生理机制、社会经济学、法律和政策改进方面值得进行更多讨论。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11469 - 022 - 00999 - 4获取的补充材料。
