Li Xin, Li Jinjuan, Su Hongyan, Sun Ping, Zhang Zhen, Li Mengfei, Xing Hua
State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Institute of Livestock Grass and Green Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 11;24(4):3623. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043623.
is a semi-shrubby perennial herb that not only prevents saline-alkaline land degradation but also produces leaves for medicinal uses. Although physiological changes during the seed germination of in response to salt stress have been studied, the adaptive mechanism to salt conditions is still limited. Here, the physiological and transcriptional changes during seed germination under different NaCl treatments (0-300 mmol/L) were examined. The results showed that the seed germination rate was promoted at low NaCl concentrations (0-50 mmol/L) and inhibited with increased concentrations (100-300 mmol/L); the activity of antioxidant enzymes exhibited a significant increase from 0 (CK) to 150 mmol/L NaCl and a significant decrease from 150 to 300 mmol/L; and the content of osmolytes exhibited a significant increase with increased concentrations, while the protein content peaked at 100 mmol/L NaCl and then significantly decreased. A total of 1967 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were generated during seed germination at 300 mmol/L NaCl versus (vs.) CK, with 1487 characterized genes (1293 up-regulated, UR; 194 down-regulated, DR) classified into 11 categories, including salt stress (29), stress response (146), primary metabolism (287), cell morphogenesis (156), transcription factor (TFs, 62), bio-signaling (173), transport (144), photosynthesis and energy (125), secondary metabolism (58), polynucleotide metabolism (21), and translation (286). The relative expression levels (RELs) of selected genes directly involved in salt stress and seed germination were observed to be consistent with the changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolyte contents. These findings will provide useful references to improve seed germination and reveal the adaptive mechanism of to saline-alkaline soils.
是一种半灌木状多年生草本植物，不仅能防止盐碱地退化，还能产出药用叶片。尽管已经研究了其种子萌发过程中对盐胁迫的生理变化，但对盐环境的适应机制仍然有限。在此，研究了不同NaCl处理（0 - 300 mmol/L）下种子萌发过程中的生理和转录变化。结果表明，低NaCl浓度（0 - 50 mmol/L）促进种子萌发率，而浓度升高（100 - 300 mmol/L）则抑制萌发率；抗氧化酶活性在NaCl浓度从0（对照）增加到150 mmol/L时显著增加，而从150到300 mmol/L时显著降低；渗透调节物质含量随浓度增加而显著增加，而蛋白质含量在100 mmol/L NaCl时达到峰值，然后显著下降。在300 mmol/L NaCl与对照相比的种子萌发过程中，共产生了1967个差异表达基因（DEG），其中1487个特征基因（1293个上调，UR；194个下调，DR）分为11类，包括盐胁迫（29个）、胁迫响应（146个）、初级代谢（287个）、细胞形态发生（156个）、转录因子（TFs，62个）、生物信号（173个）、转运（144个）、光合作用和能量（125个）、次生代谢（58个）、多核苷酸代谢（21个）和翻译（286个）。观察到直接参与盐胁迫和种子萌发的选定基因的相对表达水平（REL）与抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的变化一致。这些发现将为提高种子萌发率和揭示其对盐碱土壤的适应机制提供有用的参考。
