School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, H.P., 173229, India.
Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India.
Planta. 2023 Mar 1;257(4):70. doi: 10.1007/s00425-023-04087-2.
EF have been explored for its beneficial impact on environment and for its commercial applications. It has proved its worth in these sectors and showed an impact on biological properties of plants by producing various bioactive molecules and enzymes. Endophytes are plant mutualists that live asymptomatically within plant tissues and exist in almost every plant species. Endophytic fungi benefit from the host plant nutrition, and the host plant gains improved competitive abilities and tolerance against pathogens, herbivores, and various abiotic stresses. Endophytic fungi are one of the most inventive classes which produce secondary metabolites and play a crucial role in human health and other biotic aspects. This review is focused on systematic study on the biodiversity of endophytic fungi in plants, and their role in enhancing various properties of plants such as antimicrobial, antimycobacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticancer, and biological activity of secondary metabolites produced by various fungal endophytes in host plants reported from 1994 to 2021. This review emphasizes the endophytic fungal population shaped by host genotype, environment, and endophytic fungi genotype affecting host plant. The impact of endophytic fungi has been discussed in detail which influences the commercial properties of plants. Endophytes also have an influence on plant productivity by increasing parameters such as nutrient recycling and phytostimulation. Studies focusing on mechanisms that regulate attenuation of secondary metabolite production in EF would provide much needed impetus on ensuring continued production of bioactive molecules from a indubitable source. If this knowledge is further extensively explored regarding fungal endophytes in plants for production of potential phytochemicals, then it will help in exploring a keen area of interest for pharmacognosy.
内生真菌因其对环境的有益影响及其商业应用而备受关注。内生真菌已经证明了它在这些领域的价值，通过产生各种生物活性分子和酶，对植物的生物特性产生了影响。内生真菌是与植物共生的微生物，它们在植物组织内无症状地生活，并存在于几乎每一种植物物种中。内生真菌从宿主植物的营养中获益，而宿主植物则获得了提高的竞争能力和对病原体、食草动物和各种非生物胁迫的耐受性。内生真菌是最具创意的一类微生物之一，它们产生次生代谢产物，在人类健康和其他生物方面发挥着关键作用。本综述重点介绍了内生真菌在植物中的生物多样性及其在增强植物各种特性方面的作用，如抗菌、抗分枝杆菌、抗氧化、细胞毒性、抗癌和各种真菌内生菌在宿主植物中产生的次生代谢物的生物活性，这些研究报告于 1994 年至 2021 年。本综述强调了受宿主基因型、环境和内生真菌基因型影响的内生真菌种群，这些因素影响着宿主植物。详细讨论了内生真菌对植物商业特性的影响。内生菌还通过增加养分循环和植物刺激等参数来影响植物的生产力。研究关注调节内生真菌次生代谢产物产生衰减的机制，将为确保从可靠来源持续生产生物活性分子提供急需的动力。如果进一步广泛探索植物内生真菌在生产潜在植物化学物质方面的作用，将有助于探索植物化学领域的一个热点。
