Tamayo-Trujillo Rafael, Guevara-Ramírez Patricia, Cadena-Ullauri Santiago, Paz-Cruz Elius, Ruiz-Pozo Viviana A, Zambrano Ana Karina
Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170129, Ecuador.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar;9(3):e14086. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14086. Epub 2023 Feb 25.
In recent years, the human virome has gained importance, especially after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, due to its possible involvement in autoimmune, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Characterization of the human virome can be carried out by shotgun next-generation sequencing (metagenomics), which allows the identification of all viral communities in an environmental sample and the discovery of new viral families not previously described. Variations in viral quantity and diversity have been associated with disease development, mainly due to their effect on gut bacterial microbiota. Phages can regulate bacterial flora through lysogeny; this is associated with increased susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammation, or cancer. The virome characterization in different human body ecological niches could help elucidate these particles' role in disease. Hence, it is important to understand the virome's influence on human health and disease. The present review highlights the significance of the human virome and how it is associated with disease, focusing on virome composition, characterization, and its association with cancer.
近年来，人类病毒组变得愈发重要，尤其是在2019冠状病毒病大流行之后，因为它可能与自身免疫性疾病、炎症性疾病及癌症有关。人类病毒组的特征分析可通过鸟枪法新一代测序（宏基因组学）来进行，这种方法能够识别环境样本中的所有病毒群落，并发现之前未被描述过的新病毒科。病毒数量和多样性的变化与疾病发展有关，主要是因为它们对肠道细菌微生物群有影响。噬菌体可通过溶原作用调节细菌菌群；这与感染易感性增加、慢性炎症或癌症有关。对不同人体生态位中的病毒组进行特征分析有助于阐明这些病毒颗粒在疾病中的作用。因此，了解病毒组对人类健康和疾病的影响很重要。本综述强调了人类病毒组的重要性及其与疾病的关联，重点关注病毒组的组成、特征分析及其与癌症的关联。
