Prado Augustin, Chiquier Solene, Fajardy Mathilde, Mac Dowell Niall
Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 1NE, UK.
Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
iScience. 2023 Mar 1;26(4):106303. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106303. eCollection 2023 Apr 21.
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) will be essential to meet the net zero targets that are integral to meeting the terms of the Paris Agreement. However, their co-deployment will have a substantial impact on the broader energy system, with BECCS providing energy services and DACCS consuming them. Thus, in this contribution, we present a framework for the co-optimization of the power and CDR sectors and apply it to the United Kingdom as a case study. We identify techno-economically and biogeophysically feasible pathways to meeting targets via the deployment of a portfolio of CDR pathways. We find that the main BECCS deployment driver is biomass availability and that planting rates limit forests carbon sinks by 2050. When biomass is abundant, BECCS plays a significant role in meeting the net zero target. Consequently, there is a reduced role for natural gas with CCS and intermittent renewable energy in the context substantial BECCS deployment.
二氧化碳去除（CDR）对于实现净零目标至关重要，而净零目标是符合《巴黎协定》条款的重要组成部分。然而，它们的共同部署将对更广泛的能源系统产生重大影响，生物能源与碳捕获与封存（BECCS）提供能源服务，而直接空气碳捕获与封存（DACCS）则消耗能源服务。因此，在本论文中，我们提出了一个电力和CDR部门协同优化的框架，并将其应用于英国作为案例研究。我们通过部署一系列CDR途径，确定了在技术经济和生物地球物理方面可行的实现目标的途径。我们发现，BECCS的主要部署驱动因素是生物质的可用性，到2050年，造林率限制了森林碳汇。当生物质丰富时，BECCS在实现净零目标方面发挥着重要作用。因此，在大量部署BECCS的情况下，天然气与碳捕获与封存（CCS）以及间歇性可再生能源的作用将减弱。
