Lv Baolong, Liu Feng, Li Yulin, Nie Jianhua, Gou Fangfang, Wu Jia
School of Modern Service Management, Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Jinan 250102, China.
School of Information Engineering, Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Jinan 250102, China.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Mar 10;13(6):1063. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13061063.
Bone malignant tumors are metastatic and aggressive. The manual screening of medical images is time-consuming and laborious, and computer technology is now being introduced to aid in diagnosis. Due to a large amount of noise and blurred lesion edges in osteosarcoma MRI images, high-precision segmentation methods require large computational resources and are difficult to use in developing countries with limited conditions. Therefore, this study proposes an artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis scheme by enhancing image edge features. First, a threshold screening filter (TSF) was used to pre-screen the MRI images to filter redundant data. Then, a fast NLM algorithm was introduced for denoising. Finally, a segmentation method with edge enhancement (TBNet) was designed to segment the pre-processed images by fusing Transformer based on the UNet network. TBNet is based on skip-free connected U-Net and includes a channel-edge cross-fusion transformer and a segmentation method with a combined loss function. This solution optimizes diagnostic efficiency and solves the segmentation problem of blurred edges, providing more help and reference for doctors to diagnose osteosarcoma. The results based on more than 4000 osteosarcoma MRI images show that our proposed method has a good segmentation effect and performance, with Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) reaching 0.949, and show that other evaluation indexes such as Intersection of Union (IOU) and recall are better than other methods.
骨恶性肿瘤具有转移性且侵袭性强。医学图像的人工筛查既耗时又费力,目前正在引入计算机技术来辅助诊断。由于骨肉瘤磁共振成像(MRI)图像中存在大量噪声且病变边缘模糊,高精度的分割方法需要大量计算资源,在条件有限的发展中国家难以应用。因此,本研究提出一种通过增强图像边缘特征的人工智能辅助诊断方案。首先,使用阈值筛选滤波器(TSF)对MRI图像进行预筛选,以过滤冗余数据。然后,引入快速非局部均值(NLM)算法进行去噪。最后,设计了一种具有边缘增强功能的分割方法(TBNet),通过基于UNet网络融合Transformer对预处理后的图像进行分割。TBNet基于无跳跃连接的U-Net,包括一个通道-边缘交叉融合Transformer和一种具有组合损失函数的分割方法。该解决方案优化了诊断效率,解决了边缘模糊的分割问题,为医生诊断骨肉瘤提供了更多帮助和参考。基于4000多张骨肉瘤MRI图像的结果表明,我们提出的方法具有良好的分割效果和性能,骰子相似系数(DSC)达到0.949,并且表明其他评估指标如交并比(IOU)和召回率优于其他方法。