Luceri Angelica, Francese Rachele, Lembo David, Ferraris Monica, Balagna Cristina
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antiviral Research, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2023 Feb 28;11(3):629. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030629.
New antiviral drugs and new preventive antiviral strategies are a target of intense scientific interest. Thanks to their peculiar properties, nanomaterials play an important role in this field, and, in particular, among metallic materials, silver nanoparticles were demonstrated to be effective against a wide range of viruses, in addition to having a strong antibacterial effect. Although the mechanism of antiviral action is not completely clarified, silver nanoparticles can directly act on viruses, and on their first steps of interaction with the host cell, depending on several factors, such as size, shape, functionalization and concentration. This review provides an overview of the antiviral properties of silver nanoparticles, along with their demonstrated mechanisms of action and factors mainly influencing their properties. In addition, the fields of potential application are analyzed, demonstrating the versatility of silver nanoparticles, which can be involved in several devices and applications, including biomedical applications, considering both human and animal health, environmental applications, such as air filtration and water treatment, and for food and textile industry purposes. For each application, the study level of the device is indicated, if it is either a laboratory study or a commercial product.
新型抗病毒药物和新型预防性抗病毒策略是科学界密切关注的目标。由于其独特的性质，纳米材料在该领域发挥着重要作用，特别是在金属材料中，除了具有强大的抗菌作用外，银纳米颗粒还被证明对多种病毒有效。尽管抗病毒作用机制尚未完全阐明，但银纳米颗粒可直接作用于病毒及其与宿主细胞相互作用的初始阶段，这取决于几个因素，如尺寸、形状、功能化和浓度。本文综述了银纳米颗粒的抗病毒特性，以及已证实的作用机制和主要影响其特性的因素。此外，还分析了其潜在应用领域，展示了银纳米颗粒的多功能性，其可用于多种设备和应用，包括考虑到人类和动物健康的生物医学应用、空气过滤和水处理等环境应用，以及用于食品和纺织工业目的。对于每种应用，都指出了该设备的研究水平，是实验室研究还是商业产品。
