Kawaguchi Satoshi, Moukette Bruno, Hayasaka Taiki, Haskell Angela K, Mah Jessica, Sepúlveda Marisa N, Tang Yaoliang, Kim Il-Man
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023 Apr 12;10(4):166. doi: 10.3390/jcdd10040166.
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play fundamental roles in cardiac development and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. With advances in RNA sequencing technology, the focus of recent research has transitioned from studies of specific candidates to whole transcriptome analyses. Thanks to these types of studies, new ncRNAs have been identified for their implication in cardiac development and CVDs. In this review, we briefly describe the classification of ncRNAs into microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. We then discuss their critical roles in cardiac development and CVDs by citing the most up-to-date research articles. More specifically, we summarize the roles of ncRNAs in the formation of the heart tube and cardiac morphogenesis, cardiac mesoderm specification, and embryonic cardiomyocytes and cardiac progenitor cells. We also highlight ncRNAs that have recently emerged as key regulators in CVDs by focusing on six of them. We believe that this review concisely addresses perhaps not all but certainly the major aspects of current progress in ncRNA research in cardiac development and CVDs. Thus, this review would be beneficial for readers to obtain a recent picture of key ncRNAs and their mechanisms of action in cardiac development and CVDs.
非编码RNA（ncRNAs）在心脏发育和心血管疾病（CVDs）中发挥着重要作用，而心血管疾病是发病和死亡的主要原因。随着RNA测序技术的进步，近期研究的重点已从特定候选物的研究转向全转录组分析。得益于这类研究，已鉴定出一些新的ncRNAs，它们与心脏发育和心血管疾病有关。在本综述中，我们简要描述了ncRNAs分为微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和环状RNA的分类情况。然后，我们通过引用最新的研究文章来讨论它们在心脏发育和心血管疾病中的关键作用。更具体地说，我们总结了ncRNAs在心脏管形成和心脏形态发生、心脏中胚层特化以及胚胎心肌细胞和心脏祖细胞中的作用。我们还重点介绍了最近在心血管疾病中作为关键调节因子出现的六种ncRNAs。我们相信，本综述简要阐述了ncRNA在心脏发育和心血管疾病研究中当前进展的也许并非全部但肯定是主要方面。因此，本综述将有助于读者了解关键ncRNAs及其在心脏发育和心血管疾病中的作用机制的最新情况。
