Peng Tai, Shi Qi, Chen Manlong, Yu Wenyi, Yang Tingting
Key Lab of Oral Biomedical Materials and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 Apr 25;14(5):243. doi: 10.3390/jfb14050243.
Hydrogels exhibit excellent moldability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and extracellular matrix-like properties, which make them widely used in biomedical fields. Because of their unique three-dimensional crosslinked hydrophilic networks, hydrogels can encapsulate various materials, such as small molecules, polymers, and particles; this has become a hot research topic in the antibacterial field. The surface modification of biomaterials by using antibacterial hydrogels as coatings contributes to the biomaterial activity and offers wide prospects for development. A variety of surface chemical strategies have been developed to bind hydrogels to the substrate surface stably. We first introduce the preparation method for antibacterial coatings in this review, which includes surface-initiated graft crosslinking polymerization, anchoring the hydrogel coating to the substrate surface, and the LbL self-assembly technique to coat crosslinked hydrogels. Then, we summarize the applications of hydrogel coating in the biomedical antibacterial field. Hydrogel itself has certain antibacterial properties, but the antibacterial effect is not sufficient. In recent research, in order to optimize its antibacterial performance, the following three antibacterial strategies are mainly adopted: bacterial repellent and inhibition, contact surface killing of bacteria, and release of antibacterial agents. We systematically introduce the antibacterial mechanism of each strategy. The review aims to provide reference for the further development and application of hydrogel coatings.
水凝胶具有出色的可模塑性、生物降解性、生物相容性以及类似细胞外基质的特性，这使得它们在生物医学领域得到广泛应用。由于其独特的三维交联亲水网络，水凝胶能够包封各种材料，如小分子、聚合物和颗粒；这已成为抗菌领域的一个热门研究课题。通过使用抗菌水凝胶作为涂层对生物材料进行表面改性有助于提高生物材料的活性，并提供广阔的发展前景。人们已经开发出多种表面化学策略来将水凝胶稳定地结合到基底表面。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍抗菌涂层的制备方法，其中包括表面引发的接枝交联聚合、将水凝胶涂层锚定到基底表面以及层层自组装技术来包覆交联水凝胶。然后，我们总结水凝胶涂层在生物医学抗菌领域的应用。水凝胶本身具有一定的抗菌性能，但抗菌效果并不充分。在最近的研究中，为了优化其抗菌性能，主要采用了以下三种抗菌策略：驱避和抑制细菌、接触表面杀灭细菌以及释放抗菌剂。我们系统地介绍了每种策略的抗菌机制。这篇综述旨在为水凝胶涂层的进一步开发和应用提供参考。
