Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Environ Res. 2023 Sep 15;233:116432. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116432. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
Oral cancers consist of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and other malignancies in the mouth with varying degrees of invasion and differentiation. For many years, different modalities such as surgery, radiation therapy, and classical chemotherapy drugs have been used to control the growth of oral tumors. Nowadays, studies have confirmed the remarkable effects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on the development, invasion, and therapeutic resistance of tumors like oral cancers. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to modulate the TME in various types of tumors in favor of cancer suppression. Natural products are intriguing agents for targeting cancers and TME. Flavonoids, non-flavonoid herbal-derived molecules, and other natural products have shown promising effects on cancers and TME. These agents, such as curcumin, resveratrol, melatonin, quercetin and naringinin have demonstrated potency in suppressing oral cancers. In this paper, we will review and discuss about the potential efficacy of natural adjuvants on oral cancer cells. Furthermore, we will review the possible therapeutic effects of these agents on the TME and oral cancer cells. Moreover, the potential of nanoparticles-loaded natural products for targeting oral cancers and TME will be reviewed. The potentials, gaps, and future perspectives for targeting TME by nanoparticles-loaded natural products will also be discussed.
口腔癌包括口腔内不同侵袭程度和分化程度的鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和其他恶性肿瘤。多年来，手术、放射治疗和传统化疗药物等多种方式已被用于控制口腔肿瘤的生长。如今，研究已经证实肿瘤微环境（TME）对口腔癌等肿瘤的发展、侵袭和治疗耐药性的显著影响。因此，已经有多项研究致力于调节各种类型肿瘤的 TME，以利于癌症抑制。天然产物是针对癌症和 TME 的有趣药物。类黄酮、非类黄酮草药衍生分子和其他天然产物已显示出对癌症和 TME 的有希望的作用。这些药物，如姜黄素、白藜芦醇、褪黑素、槲皮素和柚皮苷，在抑制口腔癌方面表现出了强大的功效。在本文中，我们将对天然佐剂对口腔癌细胞的潜在疗效进行综述和讨论。此外，我们还将回顾这些药物对 TME 和口腔癌细胞的可能治疗作用。此外，还将综述载有天然产物的纳米粒子对靶向口腔癌和 TME 的潜力。我们还将讨论载有天然产物的纳米粒子靶向 TME 的潜力、差距和未来展望。
