Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Toxins (Basel). 2023 Jun 6;15(6):383. doi: 10.3390/toxins15060383.
Although over the last 10 years several studies have focused on the emerging mycotoxins known as enniatins (ENNs), there is still a lack of knowledge regarding their toxicological effects and the development of a correct risk assessment. This is especially true for enniatin B1 (ENN B1), considered the younger sister of the widely studied enniatin B (ENN B). ENN B1 has been found in several food commodities and, as with other mycotoxins, presents antibacterial and antifungal properties. On the other hand, ENN B1 has shown cytotoxic activity, impairment of the cell cycle, the induction of oxidative stress, and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, as well as negative genotoxic and estrogenic effects. Overall, considering the paucity of information available regarding ENN B1, further studies are necessary to perform a risk assessment. This review summarizes information on the biological characteristics and toxicological effects of ENN B1 as well as the future challenges that this mycotoxin could present.
尽管在过去的 10 年中，已有多项研究集中于新兴的霉菌毒素——恩镰孢菌素（ENNs），但对于其毒理学效应和正确风险评估的研究仍然缺乏。这对于恩镰孢菌素 B1（ENN B1）来说尤其如此，它被认为是广泛研究的恩镰孢菌素 B（ENN B）的妹妹。ENN B1 已在多种食品中被发现，与其他霉菌毒素一样，具有抗菌和抗真菌特性。另一方面，ENN B1 表现出细胞毒性活性、细胞周期受损、氧化应激诱导以及线粒体膜通透性改变，同时具有负遗传毒性和雌激素效应。总的来说，考虑到目前有关 ENN B1 的信息有限，有必要进行进一步的研究来进行风险评估。本综述总结了关于 ENN B1 的生物学特性和毒理学效应的信息，以及这种霉菌毒素可能带来的未来挑战。
