Hagberg M, Lindqvist B, Wall S
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1986;58(3):191-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00432100.
It was observed that some patients with glomerulonephritis or interstitial nephritis were welders. A hypothesis that welding fumes were an occupational hazard was put forward and initiated the following case-referent study. 143 cases were defined as living males, age 25 to 65 years, with renal disease which caused renal biopsy from 1976-1982. Three population-based referents for each case were selected from the national register of the total population matched by sex, age and community. Exposure was assessed by means of a questionnaire. Only 7% of the cases and 12% of the referents did not answer the questionnaire. There were no differences in exposure rates between cases and referents, even if exposure restrictions were applied. The power of the case-referent study was high.
据观察，一些患有肾小球肾炎或间质性肾炎的患者是焊工。于是提出一个假设，即焊接烟尘是一种职业危害，并启动了以下病例对照研究。143例病例为1976年至1982年期间接受肾脏活检、年龄在25至65岁之间的在世男性肾病患者。从全国总人口登记册中为每个病例选取三名按性别、年龄和社区匹配的人群对照。通过问卷调查评估接触情况。只有7%的病例和12%的对照未回答问卷。即使采用了接触限制，病例组和对照组的接触率也没有差异。该病例对照研究的效能很高。
