Ziogou Afroditi, Giannakodimos Ilias, Giannakodimos Alexios, Baliou Stella, Ioannou Petros
School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Microorganisms. 2023 Sep 21;11(9):2362. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092362.
species are catalase-positive and coagulase-negative Gram-positive coccoid bacteria that belong to the family Micrococcaceae, order Actinomycetales, and class Actinobacteria. Even though they may be relatively rare, they have been increasingly reported as the causes of human infections lately. The present study aims to review all published cases of spp. infections in humans reporting data on epidemiology, microbiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, antimicrobial treatment, and mortality. A narrative review was performed based on a search of Pubmed and Scopus databases in the literature. In total, 73 studies provided data on 102 patients with spp. infections. The mean age of patients was 47 years, and 68.3% were male. The most common types of infection were bacteremia (36.3%), skin and soft tissue infection (18.6%), endophthalmitis (15.7%), infective endocarditis (13.7%), and peritonitis (11.8%), most commonly peritoneal-dialysis-associated. The most frequently isolated species was (46.1%), and antimicrobial resistance was lower for vancomycin (7%) and tetracyclines (6.7%). Vancomycin (47%), cephalosporins (39.6%), and quinolones (36.6%) were the most commonly used antimicrobials. The empirical antimicrobial treatment of spp. infections should include vancomycin as long as antimicrobial susceptibility results are pending. The infection outcome mainly depends on the type of infection and is higher for infective endocarditis. Endophthalmitis is associated with increased rates of low visual acuity after treatment.
[具体菌名]属是过氧化氢酶阳性、凝固酶阴性的革兰氏阳性球菌，属于微球菌科、放线菌目和放线菌纲。尽管它们可能相对罕见，但近年来作为人类感染病因的报道越来越多。本研究旨在回顾所有已发表的[具体菌名]属感染人类的病例，报告流行病学、微生物学、抗菌药物敏感性、抗菌治疗及死亡率等数据。基于对文献中Pubmed和Scopus数据库的检索进行了叙述性综述。总共73项研究提供了102例[具体菌名]属感染患者的数据。患者的平均年龄为47岁，68.3%为男性。最常见的感染类型是菌血症（36.3%）、皮肤和软组织感染（18.6%）、眼内炎（15.7%）、感染性心内膜炎（13.7%）和腹膜炎（11.8%），最常见的是与腹膜透析相关的腹膜炎。最常分离出的菌种是[具体菌种]（46.1%），对万古霉素（7%）和四环素（6.7%）的耐药性较低。万古霉素（47%）、头孢菌素（39.6%）和喹诺酮类（36.6%）是最常用的抗菌药物。在[具体菌名]属感染的经验性抗菌治疗中，只要抗菌药物敏感性结果未出，就应包括万古霉素。感染结果主要取决于感染类型，感染性心内膜炎的死亡率较高。治疗后眼内炎与低视力发生率增加有关。
