Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 27;24(19):14608. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914608.
Recently, degradable biopolymers have become increasingly important as potential environmentally friendly biomaterials, providing a wide range of applications in various fields. Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biomacromolecules, which due to their unique properties have found applications in biomedicine, foodstuff, textiles, cosmetics, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, nanoelectronics, and environmental remediation. One of the important commercial polysaccharides produced on an industrial scale is xanthan. In recent years, the range of its application has expanded significantly. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is another unique EPS with a rapidly increasing range of applications. Due to the great prospects for their practical application, the development of their highly efficient production remains an important task. The present review summarizes the strategies for the cost-effective production of such important biomacromolecules as xanthan and BC and demonstrates for the first time common approaches to their efficient production and to obtaining new functional materials for a wide range of applications, including wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, environmental remediation, nanoelectronics, and 3D bioprinting. In the end, we discuss present limitations of xanthan and BC production and the line of future research.
近年来，可降解生物聚合物作为潜在的环保生物材料变得越来越重要，在各个领域提供了广泛的应用。细菌胞外多糖（EPS）是生物大分子，由于其独特的性质，已在生物医学、食品、纺织品、化妆品、石油、制药、纳米电子学和环境修复等领域得到应用。黄原胶是一种重要的商业多糖，已在工业规模上生产。细菌纤维素（BC）是另一种具有广泛应用前景的独特 EPS。由于其实际应用前景广阔，因此开发其高效生产仍然是一项重要任务。本综述总结了生产黄原胶和 BC 等重要生物大分子的具有成本效益的策略，并首次展示了用于广泛应用的高效生产和获得新型功能材料的通用方法，包括伤口愈合、药物输送、组织工程、环境修复、纳米电子学和 3D 生物打印。最后，我们讨论了黄原胶和 BC 生产的现有局限性以及未来研究的方向。
