Lee Ying-Chiang J, Shirkey Jaden D, Park Jongbeom, Bisht Karishma, Cowan Alexis J
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
Biodes Res. 2022 May 17;2022:9898241. doi: 10.34133/2022/9898241. eCollection 2022.
Viral diseases have contributed significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality throughout history. Despite the existence of therapeutic treatments for many viral infections, antiviral resistance and the threat posed by novel viruses highlight the need for an increased number of effective therapeutics. In addition to small molecule drugs and biologics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an emerging class of potential antiviral therapeutics. While AMPs have traditionally been regarded in the context of their antibacterial activities, many AMPs are now known to be antiviral. These antiviral peptides (AVPs) have been shown to target and perturb viral membrane envelopes and inhibit various stages of the viral life cycle, from preattachment inhibition through viral release from infected host cells. Rational design of AMPs has also proven effective in identifying highly active and specific peptides and can aid in the discovery of lead peptides with high therapeutic selectivity. In this review, we highlight AVPs with strong antiviral activity largely curated from a publicly available AMP database. We then compile the sequences present in our AVP database to generate structural predictions of generic AVP motifs. Finally, we cover the rational design approaches available for AVPs taking into account approaches currently used for the rational design of AMPs.
在历史上，病毒性疾病对全球发病率和死亡率产生了重大影响。尽管许多病毒感染都有治疗方法，但抗病毒耐药性以及新型病毒构成的威胁凸显了增加有效治疗方法数量的必要性。除小分子药物和生物制剂外，抗菌肽（AMPs）是一类新兴的潜在抗病毒治疗药物。虽然抗菌肽传统上被认为具有抗菌活性，但现在已知许多抗菌肽具有抗病毒作用。这些抗病毒肽（AVPs）已被证明可靶向并干扰病毒膜包膜，并抑制病毒生命周期的各个阶段，从附着前抑制到病毒从受感染宿主细胞中释放。抗菌肽的合理设计在鉴定高活性和特异性肽方面也已被证明是有效的，并且有助于发现具有高治疗选择性的先导肽。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了主要从公开可用的抗菌肽数据库中筛选出的具有强大抗病毒活性的抗病毒肽。然后，我们汇编了抗病毒肽数据库中存在的序列，以生成通用抗病毒肽基序的结构预测。最后，我们考虑到目前用于抗菌肽合理设计的方法，介绍了可用于抗病毒肽的合理设计方法。
