Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
BMC Palliat Care. 2023 Nov 2;22(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12904-023-01278-2.
To translate and culturally adapt IPOS to the Greek population.
A four phases- sequential study, which included verification of conceptual equivalence, double forward- backward translations and conceptual cognitive debriefing. Focus group interviews used 'think aloud' and 'verbal probing' techniques. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using predefined categories. Purposely sampled from two oncology and palliative care units in Athens.
The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale was well accepted by both patients and health professionals. Overall comprehension and acceptability of the scale were good. The comprehension and judgement challenges identified in the pre-final version were successfully resolved in the cognitive interviewing phase. Five out of the seventeen translated items of the scale were modified after cognitive debriefing. Comprehension difficulties were identified with specific terms (e.g., energy/feeling depressed) and with some answer options. Severity of symptoms and not their impact was a common difficulty. A judgement challenge was reported in relation to 7-days recall and fluctuation of symptoms. Layout concerns in relation to length of questions were also stated. All questions were considered important and none as inappropriate.
This study demonstrated face and content validity and acceptability of the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale in the Greek context. Cognitive Interviewing proved valuable in refining concepts within the specific cultural context.
The IPOS outcome measure tool is now being used routinely in a palliative care service in Athens and is currently used to evaluate service outcomes.
将 IPOS 翻译并文化调适为希腊人群。
一个四阶段的顺序研究，包括概念等效性验证、双向前-向后翻译和概念认知性访谈。焦点小组访谈使用“出声思考”和“言语探测”技术。访谈进行录音、逐字转录，并使用预设类别进行主题分析。在雅典的两个肿瘤学和姑息治疗单位有针对性地抽样。
综合姑息治疗结局量表（IPOS）得到了患者和卫生专业人员的认可。总体来说，该量表的理解和可接受性良好。在认知访谈阶段，成功解决了预终版中发现的理解和判断挑战。在认知性访谈后，对量表的 17 个翻译项中的 5 项进行了修改。在理解方面，有些术语（例如，精力/感觉抑郁）和某些答案选项存在困难。常见的困难是症状的严重程度而不是其影响。与 7 天回忆和症状波动相关的判断挑战也有报道。与问题长度相关的布局问题也被提出。所有问题都被认为很重要，没有一个问题被认为不合适。
本研究在希腊背景下证明了综合姑息治疗结局量表的表面有效性、内容有效性和可接受性。认知访谈在特定文化背景下对概念的细化具有重要价值。
IPOS 结局测量工具现在在雅典的姑息治疗服务中常规使用，并用于评估服务结果。
