Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), UNL-CONICET, Ruta Nacional 168, Km. 0 - Paraje "El Pozo", 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Biodegradation. 2024 Jun;35(3):315-327. doi: 10.1007/s10532-023-10059-w. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
In this article, the degradability by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus clavatus of three bio-based polyurethane (PU) foams is compared to previous degradability studies involving a Pseudomonas sp. bacterium and similar initial materials (Spontón et al. in Int. Biodet. Biodeg. 85:85-94, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.05.019 ). First, three new polyester-polyurethane foams were prepared from mixtures of castor oil (CO), maleated castor oil (MACO), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and water. Then, their degradation tests were carried out in an aqueous medium, and employing the two mentioned fungi, after their isolation from the environment. From the degradation tests, the following was observed: (a) the insoluble (and slightly collapsed) foams exhibited free hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amine moieties; and (b) the water soluble (and low molar mass) compounds contained amines, carboxylic acids, and glycerol. The most degraded foam contained the highest amount of MACO, and therefore the highest concentration of hydrolytic bonds. A basic biodegradation mechanism was proposed that involves hydrolysis and oxidation reactions.
在本文中，黑曲霉和克莱伏氏曲霉对三种生物基聚氨酯（PU）泡沫的可降解性进行了比较，这些可降解性研究涉及先前使用假单胞菌和类似初始材料的研究（Spontón 等人，《国际生物降解与生物分解》85：85-94，2013 年，https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.05.019）。首先，通过蓖麻油（CO）、马来酸化蓖麻油（MACO）、甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）和水的混合物制备了三种新型聚酯-PU 泡沫。然后，将其在水性介质中进行降解测试，并在从环境中分离出两种真菌后进行测试。从降解测试中观察到：（a）不溶性（略有塌陷）泡沫具有游离羟基、羧基和胺基；（b）水溶性（低摩尔质量）化合物含有胺、羧酸和甘油。降解程度最高的泡沫含有最高量的 MACO，因此含有最高浓度的水解键。提出了一种基本的生物降解机制，涉及水解和氧化反应。
