Huang Honglin, Li Ningxi, Wei Xiaodan, Li Qingzhi, Guo Junhan, Yang Geng, Yang Hong, Cai Lulu, Liu Yiyao, Wu Chunhui
Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Mar;14(3):1345-1361. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.005. Epub 2023 Nov 4.
A novel strategy of not only stimulating the immune cycle but also modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is of vital importance to efficient cancer immunotherapy. Here, a new type of spatiotemporal biomimetic "Gemini nanoimmunoregulators" was engineered to activate robust systemic photoimmunotherapy by integrating the triple-punch of amplified immunogenic cell death (ICD), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) phenotype reprogramming and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) degradation. The "Gemini nanoimmunoregulators" PM@RM-T7 and PR@RM-M2 were constructed by taking the biocompatible mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) as nanovectors to deliver metformin (Met) and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) to cancer cells and TAMs by specific biorecognition wrapping of red blood cell membrane (RM) inlaid with T7 or M2 peptides. mPDA/Met@RM-T7 (abbreviated as PM@RM-T7) was constructed to elicit an amplified ICD effect through the targeted PTT and effectively stimulated the anticancer immunity. Meanwhile, PD-L1 on the remaining cancer cells was degraded by the burst metformin to prevent immune evasion. Subsequently, mPDA/R848@RM-M2 (abbreviated as PR@RM-M2) specifically recognized TAMs and reset the phenotype from M2 to M1 state, thus disrupting the immunosuppressive microenvironment and further boosting the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This pair of sister nanoimmunoregulators cooperatively orchestrated the comprehensive anticancer activity, which remarkably inhibited the growth of primary and distant 4T1 tumors and prevented malignant metastasis. This study highlights the spatiotemporal cooperative modalities using multiple nanomedicines and provides a new paradigm for efficient cancer immunotherapy against metastatic-prone tumors.
一种不仅能刺激免疫循环,还能调节免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境的新策略对于有效的癌症免疫治疗至关重要。在此,通过整合放大的免疫原性细胞死亡(ICD)、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAM)表型重编程和程序性细胞死亡配体1(PD-L1)降解这三重作用,设计了一种新型的时空仿生“双子纳米免疫调节剂”,以激活强大的全身光免疫治疗。“双子纳米免疫调节剂”PM@RM-T7和PR@RM-M2是通过将生物相容性介孔聚多巴胺(mPDA)作为纳米载体构建而成,通过镶嵌有T7或M2肽的红细胞膜(RM)的特异性生物识别包裹,将二甲双胍(Met)和Toll样受体7/8激动剂瑞喹莫德(R848)递送至癌细胞和TAM。构建mPDA/Met@RM-T7(简称为PM@RM-T7)以通过靶向光热疗法引发放大的ICD效应,并有效刺激抗癌免疫。同时剩余癌细胞上的PD-L1被爆发的二甲双胍降解,以防止免疫逃逸。随后,mPDA/R848@RM-M2(简称为PR@RM-M2)特异性识别TAM并将其表型从M2重置为M1状态,从而破坏免疫抑制微环境并进一步增强细胞毒性T淋巴细胞的功能。这一对姐妹纳米免疫调节剂协同协调了全面的抗癌活性,显著抑制了原发性和远处4T1肿瘤的生长并防止了恶性转移。本研究突出了使用多种纳米药物的时空协同模式,并为针对易转移肿瘤的高效癌症免疫治疗提供了新的范例。