Phillips R L, Snowdon D A
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985 Feb;74(2):307-17.
Associations between fatal colon or colorectal cancer and frequency of use of meat, cheese, milk, eggs, green salad, and coffee, as well as percent desirable weight, are described with the use of 21 years of follow-up for 25,493 white California Seventh-Day Adventists. Associations are presented in terms of relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer for heavy or light exposure versus rare exposure. There were no clear relationships evident between colon or rectal cancer and meat, cheese, milk, or green salad use. Egg use was positively associated with risk of fatal colon cancer in both males (RR = 1.6) and females (RR = 1.7). Coffee use was positively associated with both colon and rectal cancer mortality in males and females, particularly for colon cancer during the last 11 years of follow-up (male RR = 3.5; female RR = 1.9). Overweight (percent of desirable weight greater than or equal to 125) was associated with an increased risk of fatal rectal cancer in both sexes combined (RR = 2.8) and colon cancer in males only (RR = 3.3). Furthermore, eggs, coffee, and overweight appear to be independently associated with risk of both colon and colorectal cancer. These three factors may explain a substantial portion of the colorectal cancer mortality differential between Adventists and U.S. whites (62% for males; 30% for females).
对25493名加利福尼亚州白人基督复临安息日会信徒进行了21年的随访，描述了致命性结肠癌或结直肠癌与肉类、奶酪、牛奶、鸡蛋、蔬菜沙拉和咖啡的食用频率以及理想体重百分比之间的关联。关联以结直肠癌相对于重度或轻度暴露与罕见暴露的相对风险（RR）表示。结肠癌或直肠癌与肉类、奶酪、牛奶或蔬菜沙拉的食用之间没有明显的关系。食用鸡蛋与男性（RR = 1.6）和女性（RR = 1.7）致命性结肠癌的风险呈正相关。喝咖啡与男性和女性的结肠癌和直肠癌死亡率均呈正相关，尤其是在随访的最后11年中结肠癌（男性RR = 3.5；女性RR = 1.9）。超重（理想体重百分比大于或等于125）与男女合并的致命性直肠癌风险增加（RR = 2.8）以及仅男性的结肠癌风险增加（RR = 3.3）相关。此外，鸡蛋、咖啡和超重似乎与结肠癌和结直肠癌的风险独立相关。这三个因素可能解释了基督复临安息日会信徒与美国白人之间结直肠癌死亡率差异的很大一部分（男性为62%；女性为30%）。
