Akhtar Hafsah, Alhamoudi Fahad Hussain, Marshall Julie, Ashton Thomas, Darr Jawwad A, Rehman Ihtesham Ur, Chaudhry Aqif Anwar, Reilly Gwendolen
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pam Liversidge Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 3;10(7):e29150. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29150. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
A novel eco-friendly high throughput continuous hydrothermal flow system was used to synthesise phase pure ZnO and doped ZnO in order to explore their properties for tissue engineering applications. Cerium, zirconium, and copper were introduced as dopants during flow synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, Zirconium doped ZnO were successfully synthesised, however secondary phases of CeO and CuO were detected in X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanoparticles were characterised using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Dynamic Light scattering Measurements, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and RAMAN spectroscopy was used to evaluate physical, chemical, and structural properties. The change in BET surface area was also significant, the surface area increased from 11.35 (ZnO_2) to 26.18 (ZrZnO_5). However. In case of CeZnO_5 and CuZnO_5 was not significant 13.68 (CeZnO_5) and 12.16 (CuZnO_5) respectively. Cell metabolic activity analysis using osteoblast-like cells (MG63) and human embryonic derived mesenchymal stem cells (hES-MP) demonstrated that doped ZnO nanoparticles supported higher cell metabolic activity compared to cells grown in standard media with no nanoparticles added, or pure zinc oxide nanoparticles. The ZrZnO_5 demonstrated the highest cell metabolic activity and non-cytotoxicity over the duration of 28 days as compared to un doped or Ce or Cu incorporated nanoparticles. The current data suggests that Zirconium doping positively enhances the properties of ZnO nanoparticles by increasing the surface area and cell proliferation. Therefore, are potential additives within biomaterials or for tissue engineering applications.
一种新型的环保型高通量连续水热流动系统被用于合成相纯的氧化锌和掺杂氧化锌，以探索它们在组织工程应用中的性能。在氧化锌纳米颗粒的流动合成过程中引入铈、锆和铜作为掺杂剂，成功合成了锆掺杂氧化锌，然而在X射线衍射（XRD）中检测到了CeO和CuO的次生相。使用X射线衍射、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）、动态光散射测量、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对纳米颗粒进行了表征，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和拉曼光谱来评估其物理、化学和结构性质。BET表面积的变化也很显著，表面积从11.35（ZnO_2）增加到26.18（ZrZnO_5）。然而，对于CeZnO_5和CuZnO_5来说，表面积变化不显著，分别为13.68（CeZnO_5）和12.16（CuZnO_5）。使用成骨样细胞（MG63）和人胚胎来源的间充质干细胞（hES-MP）进行的细胞代谢活性分析表明，与在未添加纳米颗粒的标准培养基中生长的细胞或纯氧化锌纳米颗粒相比，掺杂氧化锌纳米颗粒支持更高的细胞代谢活性。与未掺杂或掺入铈或铜的纳米颗粒相比，ZrZnO_5在28天的时间内表现出最高的细胞代谢活性和无细胞毒性。目前的数据表明，锆掺杂通过增加表面积和细胞增殖积极地增强了氧化锌纳米颗粒的性能。因此，它们是生物材料中或组织工程应用中的潜在添加剂。
