Adigwe Obi Peter, Onavbavba Godspower
National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Apr 18;4(4):e0002589. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002589. eCollection 2024.
Vaccine acceptance is complex and context-specific, varying across time, place and perceived behavioural nature of the community involved. A high vaccine acceptance rate is important to achieve herd immunity, however, vaccine hesitancy is a possible barrier to this. This study aimed to assess attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to investigate the attitudes of Federal Capital Territory residents towards COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Nigeria. Data were collected using questionnaires which were administered to respondents physically and online through random and snowball sampling strategies respectively. Data received were then analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). A total of 1767 responses were received with males representing 57.8% of the sample. More than half (54.9%) of the respondents were between the ages of 18-30 years. A third (35.4%) of the study participants indicated that a vaccine was not necessary for COVID-19, and 56.5% indicated willingness to accept COVID-19 vaccination. The majority of the sample (56.9%) indicated that the government decision-making was in their best interest, whilst close to two-thirds of the respondents (61%) were of the view that COVID-19 vaccination should not be made compulsory. Older respondents as represented by those over 60 years were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccination (p = 0.039). This study however revealed negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, indicating the urgent need for government, policymakers, and other stakeholders to prioritise the development of strategies that can appropriately address vaccine hesitancy in the study setting. Contextual interventions indicated include strategic public enlightenment campaigns targeting populations with less favourable dispositions towards being vaccinated.
疫苗接受度是复杂且因具体情况而异的，会随着时间、地点以及相关社区的感知行为性质而变化。高疫苗接受率对于实现群体免疫很重要，然而，疫苗犹豫是实现这一目标的一个可能障碍。本研究旨在评估对新冠疫苗接种的态度及相关因素。开展了一项横断面调查，以调查尼日利亚联邦首都地区居民对新冠疫苗接种的态度。通过分别采用随机抽样和滚雪球抽样策略，以线下和线上方式向受访者发放问卷来收集数据。然后使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）对收到的数据进行分析。共收到1767份回复，其中男性占样本的57.8%。超过一半（54.9%）的受访者年龄在18至30岁之间。三分之一（35.4%）的研究参与者表示新冠疫苗并非必要，56.5%的人表示愿意接受新冠疫苗接种。大多数样本（56.9%）表示政府的决策符合他们的最大利益，而近三分之二的受访者（61%）认为不应强制进行新冠疫苗接种。以60岁以上人群为代表的年长受访者更有可能接受新冠疫苗接种（p = 0.039）。然而，本研究揭示了对新冠疫苗接种的负面态度，表明政府、政策制定者和其他利益相关者迫切需要优先制定能够适当解决研究环境中疫苗犹豫问题的策略。所指出的情境干预措施包括针对对接种疫苗态度不积极人群的战略性公众宣传活动。
