Ndou Robert, Perry Vaughan, Dlamini Gcwalisile Frances
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa.
Anat Cell Biol. 2024 Jun 30;57(2):294-304. doi: 10.5115/acb.24.008. Epub 2024 Apr 23.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasingly becoming more prevalent worldwide together with hospital care costs from secondary complications such as bone fractures. Femoral fracture risk is higher in diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the osteometric and microarchitecture of the femur of Zucker Diabetic Sprague-Dawley (ZDSD) femur. Ten-week-old male rats (n=38) consisting of 16 control Sprague-Dawley (SD) and 22 ZDSD rats were used. The rats were terminated at 20 weeks and others at 28 weeks of age to assess age, diabetes duration effects and its severity. Bilateral femora were taken for osteometry, bone mass measurements and micro-focus X-ray computed tomography scanning to assess the trabecular number (TbN), thickness (TbTh), spaces (TbSp), bone tissue volume to total volume (BV/TV) and volume (BV). Diabetic rats had shorter (except for 20-weeks-old), lighter, narrower, and less robust bones than SD controls that wered more robust. Although cortical area was similar in all diabatic and control rats, medullary canal area was the largest in ZDSD rats. This means that the diabetic rats bones were short, light and hollow. Diabetic rats aged 20 weeks had reduced BV, BV/TV, TbN with more spacing (TbSp). In contrast, the 28 weeks old diabetic rats only showed reduced BV and TbN. Discriminant function analysis revealed, for the first time, that osteometric parameters and TbTh, TbN, and TbSp were affected by diabetes. This knowledge is valuable in the management of diabetic complications.
2型糖尿病在全球范围内日益普遍，同时因骨折等继发性并发症产生的医院护理费用也不断增加。糖尿病患者发生股骨骨折的风险更高。因此，本研究旨在评估Zucker糖尿病Sprague-Dawley（ZDSD）大鼠股骨的骨测量和微观结构。使用了10周龄的雄性大鼠（n = 38），其中包括16只对照Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠和22只ZDSD大鼠。在20周龄时处死部分大鼠，其余在28周龄时处死，以评估年龄、糖尿病病程影响及其严重程度。取双侧股骨进行骨测量、骨量测量和微焦点X射线计算机断层扫描，以评估骨小梁数量（TbN）、厚度（TbTh）、间距（TbSp）、骨组织体积与总体积之比（BV/TV）和骨组织体积（BV）。与更健壮的SD对照大鼠相比，糖尿病大鼠的骨骼更短（20周龄大鼠除外）、更轻、更窄且更不健壮。尽管所有糖尿病大鼠和对照大鼠的皮质面积相似，但ZDSD大鼠的髓腔面积最大。这意味着糖尿病大鼠的骨骼短、轻且中空。20周龄的糖尿病大鼠BV、BV/TV、TbN降低，间距（TbSp）增大。相比之下，28周龄的糖尿病大鼠仅表现出BV和TbN降低。判别函数分析首次揭示，骨测量参数以及TbTh、TbN和TbSp受糖尿病影响。这一知识在糖尿病并发症的管理中具有重要价值。
