Laboratório de Investigação em Saúde Global e Doenças Negligenciadas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Laboratório de Investigação em Saúde Global e Doenças Negligenciadas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz-Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, Brazil; Hospital Santo Antonio-Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, Salvador, Brazil.
Int J Infect Dis. 2024 Aug;145:107090. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107090. Epub 2024 May 16.
Encephalitis is a severe neurological syndrome for which herpesvirus and enteroviruses are the most common etiological agents. Arboviruses, a wildly diverse group of pathogens, are also critical epidemiological agents associated with encephalitis. In Brazil, little is known about the causative agents of encephalitis.
We conducted a hospital surveillance for encephalitis between 2020 and 2022. Molecular (RT-PCR and qPCR) and serological (virus-specific IgM and viral antigens) techniques were performed in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples obtained from study participants.
In the 43 participants evaluated, the etiologic agent or the presence of IgM was detected in 16 (37.2%). Nine (20.9%) cases were positive for chikungunya virus (CHIKV), three (7.0%) for dengue virus, two (4.7%) for human adenovirus, one (2.3%) for varicella-zoster virus, and one (2.3%) for enterovirus. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the CHIKV identified belongs to the East/Central/South African lineage.
Herein, CHIKV is a common pathogen identified in encephalitis cases. Our results reinforce previous evidence that chikungunya represents a significant cause of encephalitis during CHIKV outbreaks and epidemics and add to existing information on the epidemiology of encephalitis in Brazil.
脑炎是一种严重的神经系统综合征，其最常见的病因是疱疹病毒和肠道病毒。虫媒病毒是一组广泛存在的病原体，也是与脑炎相关的重要流行病学病原体。在巴西，人们对脑炎的病原体知之甚少。
我们在 2020 年至 2022 年期间对脑炎进行了医院监测。对研究参与者的脑脊液和血清样本进行了分子（RT-PCR 和 qPCR）和血清学（病毒特异性 IgM 和病毒抗原）检测。
在评估的 43 名参与者中，16 名（37.2%）检测到病原体或存在 IgM。9 名（20.9%）为基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）阳性，3 名（7.0%）为登革热病毒阳性，2 名（4.7%）为人腺病毒阳性，1 名（2.3%）为水痘带状疱疹病毒阳性，1 名（2.3%）为肠道病毒阳性。全基因组测序显示，鉴定出的 CHIKV 属于东/中/南非谱系。
本研究中，CHIKV 是脑炎病例中常见的病原体。我们的结果证实了之前的证据，即基孔肯雅病毒是 CHIKV 暴发和流行期间脑炎的重要病因，并补充了巴西脑炎流行病学的现有信息。
