Yanagihara D L, Barr V L, Knisley C V, Tsang A Y, McClatchy J K, Brennan P J
J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Apr;21(4):569-74. doi: 10.1128/jcm.21.4.569-574.1985.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays which are based on species- or type-specific glycolipids antigens and in which rabbit antisera are prepared with homologous strains are capable of distinguishing among serological variants of the Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare-Mycobacterium scrofulaceum complex, Mycobacterium chelonei subspecies chelonei and abscessus, Mycobacterium simiae I and II, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium szulgai, Mycobacterium xenopi, and Mycobacterium fortuitum biovariant peregrinum. The immunoreactive glycolipids can be divided into two classes. Those resistant to alkali, the C-mycoside glycopeptidolipids, are present in the M. avium-M. intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum, the M. chelonei subspecies chelonei and abscessus, and the M. simiae I and II complexes and in M. fortuitum biovariant peregrinum. The alkali-labile glycolipid antigens, the lipooligosaccharides, are present in M. kansasii, M. szulgai, and M. xenopi. In one study, the combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and alkaline susceptibility was compared with seroagglutination in the identification of 60 clinical isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria: 45 showed perfect concordance, 9 could be narrowed to one, two, or three possibilities, and the rest did not correspond. In a second study involving 43 clinical isolates that were untypable by seroagglutination or were autoagglutinable, the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography of glycolipid antigens were compared: 21 showed clear concordance. The results demonstrate that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is particularly useful in assessing the antigenicity of lipids, and sensitivity, ease, and rapidity recommend it as an adjunct to seroagglutination and thin-layer chromatography for the identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria.
基于种属或类型特异性糖脂抗原且用同源菌株制备兔抗血清的酶联免疫吸附测定，能够区分鸟分枝杆菌-胞内分枝杆菌-瘰疬分枝杆菌复合体、龟分枝杆菌龟亚种和脓肿亚种、猿分枝杆菌Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、苏尔加分枝杆菌、偶发分枝杆菌、蟾蜍分枝杆菌和偶然分枝杆菌生物变种的血清学变体。免疫反应性糖脂可分为两类。那些对碱有抗性的，即C-霉菌糖苷糖肽脂，存在于鸟分枝杆菌-胞内分枝杆菌-瘰疬分枝杆菌复合体、龟分枝杆菌龟亚种和脓肿亚种、猿分枝杆菌Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型复合体以及偶然分枝杆菌生物变种中。对碱不稳定的糖脂抗原，即脂寡糖，存在于堪萨斯分枝杆菌、苏尔加分枝杆菌和蟾蜍分枝杆菌中。在一项研究中，将酶联免疫吸附测定和碱敏感性的联合方法与血清凝集试验在60株非结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的鉴定中进行了比较：45株结果完全一致，9株可缩小到一、二或三种可能性，其余的不一致。在第二项研究中，涉及43株不能通过血清凝集试验分型或自身凝集的临床分离株，比较了酶联免疫吸附测定和糖脂抗原薄层色谱的结果：21株结果明显一致。结果表明，酶联免疫吸附测定在评估脂质抗原性方面特别有用，其敏感性、简便性和快速性使其成为血清凝集试验和薄层色谱法鉴定非结核分枝杆菌的辅助方法。
