Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
Medical Department Eintracht Frankfurt Soccer AG, Frankfurt, Germany.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2024 Aug;24(8):1056-1066. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12153. Epub 2024 Jun 14.
Agility, as the ability to react rapidly to unforeseen events, is an essential component of football performance. However, existing agility diagnostics often do not reflect the complex motor-cognitive interaction required on the field. Therefore, this study evaluates the criterion and ecological validity of a newly developed motor-cognitive dual-task agility approach in elite youth football players and compare it to a traditional reactive agility test. Twenty-one male youth elite football players (age:17.4 ±0 .6; BMI:23.2 ± 1.8) performed two agility tests (reactive agility, reactive agility with integrated multiple-object-tracking (Dual-Task Agility)) on the SKILLCOURT system. Performance was correlated to motor (sprint, jump), cognitive (executive functions, attention, reaction speed) and football specific tests (Loughborough soccer passing test (LSPT)) as well as indirect game metrics (coaches' rating, playing time). Reactive agility performance showed moderate correlations to attention and choice reaction times (r = 0.48-0.63), as well as to the LSPT (r = 0.51). The dual-task agility test revealed moderate relationships with attention and reaction speed (r = 0.47-0.58), executive functions (r = 0.45-0.63), as well as the game metrics (r = 0.51-0.61). Finally, the dual-task agility test significantly differentiated players based on their coaches' rating and playing time using a median split (p < 0.05; d = 0.8-1.28). Motor-cognitive agility performance in elite youth football players seems to be primarily determined by cognitive functions. The integration of multiple object tracking into reactive agility testing seems to be an ecologically valid approach for performance diagnostics in youth football.
敏捷性是指对突发情况迅速做出反应的能力，是足球表现的重要组成部分。然而，现有的敏捷性诊断方法往往不能反映出球场上复杂的运动认知相互作用。因此，本研究评估了一种新的运动认知双重任务敏捷测试方法在精英青年足球运动员中的效标和生态有效性，并将其与传统的反应敏捷测试进行比较。21 名男性青年精英足球运动员（年龄：17.4 ± 0.6；BMI：23.2 ± 1.8）在 SKILLCOURT 系统上进行了两项敏捷测试（反应敏捷性、反应敏捷性与集成多目标跟踪（双重任务敏捷性））。表现与运动（冲刺、跳跃）、认知（执行功能、注意力、反应速度）和足球特定测试（拉夫堡足球传球测试（LSPT））以及间接比赛指标（教练评分、比赛时间）相关。反应敏捷性表现与注意力和选择反应时间呈中度相关（r=0.48-0.63），与 LSPT 呈中度相关（r=0.51）。双重任务敏捷测试与注意力和反应速度（r=0.47-0.58）、执行功能（r=0.45-0.63）以及比赛指标（r=0.51-0.61）呈中度关系。最后，双重任务敏捷测试使用中位数分割法（p<0.05；d=0.8-1.28）根据教练评分和比赛时间显著区分了球员。精英青年足球运动员的运动认知敏捷性表现似乎主要由认知功能决定。将多目标跟踪集成到反应敏捷测试中似乎是一种具有生态有效性的青年足球性能诊断方法。
