Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy Department, Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Mwanza, Tanzania.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Aug 1;24(1):932. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12657-0.
Esophageal carcinoma is a growing concern in regions that have a high incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection such as East Africa. HPV, particularly the high-risk genotypes, is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for esophageal carcinoma. We set out to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of high-risk HPV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks with esophageal carcinoma at Bugando Medical Center, a tertiary referral hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania, East Africa.
A total of 118 esophageal carcinoma FFPE tissue blocks, collected from January 2021 to December 2022, were analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from these tissues, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect HPV using degenerate primers for the L1 region and type-specific primers for detecting HPV16, HPV18, and other high-risk HPV genotypes. Data were collected using questionnaires and factors associated with high-risk HPV genotypes were analyzed using STATA version 15 software.
Of the 118 patients' samples investigated, the mean age was 58.3 ± 13.4 years with a range of 29-88 years. The majority of the tissue blocks were from male patients 81/118 (68.7%), and most of them were from patients residing in Mwanza region 44/118 (37.3%). Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) was the predominant histological type 107/118 (91.0%). Almost half of the tissue blocks 63/118 (53.3%) tested positive for high-risk HPV. Among these, HPV genotype 16 (HPV16) was the most common 41/63 (65.1%), followed by HPV genotype 18 (HPV18) 15/63 (23.8%), and the rest were other high-risk HPV genotypes detected by the degenerate primers 7/63 (11.1%). The factors associated with high-risk HPV genotypes were cigarette smoking (p-value < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p-value < 0.001).
A substantial number of esophageal carcinomas from Bugando Medical Center in Tanzania tested positive for HPV, with HPV genotype 16 being the most prevalent. This study also revealed a significant association between HPV status and cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. These findings provide important insights into the role of high-risk HPV in esophageal carcinoma in this region.
在人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染高发地区，如东非，食管癌日益受到关注。HPV，特别是高危型别，越来越被认为是食管癌的一个危险因素。我们旨在调查在坦桑尼亚姆万扎市的三级转诊医院布甘达医学中心，HPV 阳性的福尔马林固定石蜡包埋（FFPE）食管癌组织块的流行率及其相关因素。
共分析了 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月收集的 118 例食管癌 FFPE 组织块。从这些组织中提取基因组 DNA，采用 L1 区简并引物和 HPV16、HPV18 及其他高危型 HPV 型别特异性引物的多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测 HPV。使用问卷收集数据，并使用 STATA 版本 15 软件分析与高危 HPV 型别相关的因素。
在 118 例患者样本中，平均年龄为 58.3±13.4 岁，范围为 29-88 岁。大多数组织块来自男性患者 81/118（68.7%），其中大多数来自姆万扎地区的患者 44/118（37.3%）。食管癌组织学类型主要为食管鳞状细胞癌 107/118（91.0%）。将近一半的组织块 63/118（53.3%）检测到高危 HPV 阳性。其中 HPV 基因型 16（HPV16）最常见 41/63（65.1%），其次是 HPV 基因型 18（HPV18）15/63（23.8%），其余由简并引物检测到的其他高危 HPV 型别 7/63（11.1%）。与高危 HPV 型别相关的因素是吸烟（p 值<0.001）和饮酒（p 值<0.001）。
坦桑尼亚布甘达医学中心的大量食管癌组织检测出 HPV 阳性，其中 HPV 基因型 16 最为常见。本研究还揭示了 HPV 状态与吸烟和饮酒之间存在显著关联。这些发现为高危 HPV 在该地区食管癌中的作用提供了重要见解。
