Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2024 Sep 27;22(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12955-024-02290-7.
The EQ-5D-Y is a generic preference-weighted measure for children and adolescents which was developed within Europe. Two versions exist, the EQ-5D-Y-3L (Y-3L) and EQ-5D-Y-5L (Y-5L). This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Y-3L and Y-5L for use in Singapore and to assess the content validity, specifically, the relevance and comprehensiveness of the EQ-5D-Y descriptive system (DS) in Asia.
To culturally adapt the instruments, an expert panel consisting of paediatricians and primary school educators were consulted. Modifications suggested by the expert panel were tested via cognitive debriefing interviews with children aged 8-12 in Singapore. To assess the content validity of the EQ-5D-Y DS, interviews were conducted with both healthy (n = 8) and ill children (n = 6) aged 8-15. In the interviews, children discussed their experience with poor health and commented on the comprehensiveness and relevance of the EQ-5D-Y DS.
The cross-cultural adaptation process led to minor modifications to the UK English Y-3L and Y-5L versions, including using phrases familiar to the local children and adding examples to facilitate understanding. The five health dimensions in the EQ-5D-Y DS were spontaneously elicited when children discussed their experience with poor health. All health dimensions related to poor health elicited from the interviews fell into three broad categories: physical health (e.g. Appetite, Mobility, and Sleep), mental well-being (e.g. Annoyed/Frustrated and Scared/Worried), and social relationships (e.g. Family and Friends). The EQ-5D-Y DS was generally found to be relevant and comprehensive, although some health dimensions that may be relevant to the local population (Social relationship and Appetite) were not covered.
The UK English EQ-5D-Y instruments were adapted to produce the Singapore English EQ-5D-Y instrument that were comprehensible to local children as young as 8 years old. The EQ-5D-Y DS was generally relevant and comprehensive to measure poor health of local children. Future studies should ascertain the benefits of adding bolt-on items related to social relationships and appetite to the EQ-5D-Y DS.
EQ-5D-Y 是一种针对儿童和青少年的通用偏好加权衡量标准，在欧洲开发。目前有两个版本，EQ-5D-Y-3L（Y-3L）和 EQ-5D-Y-5L（Y-5L）。本研究旨在跨文化适应新加坡的 Y-3L 和 Y-5L，并评估其内容效度，特别是 EQ-5D-Y 描述系统（DS）在亚洲的相关性和全面性。
为了文化适应工具，咨询了一个由儿科医生和小学教育工作者组成的专家小组。专家小组提出的修改建议通过对新加坡 8-12 岁儿童进行认知访谈进行了测试。为了评估 EQ-5D-Y DS 的内容效度，对 8-15 岁的健康儿童（n=8）和患病儿童（n=6）进行了访谈。在访谈中，孩子们讨论了他们的健康状况不佳的经历，并对 EQ-5D-Y DS 的全面性和相关性发表了评论。
跨文化适应过程导致对英国英语 Y-3L 和 Y-5L 版本进行了微小修改，包括使用当地儿童熟悉的短语并添加示例以帮助理解。当孩子们讨论他们的健康状况不佳的经历时，EQ-5D-Y DS 的五个健康维度会自发地被引出。从访谈中引出的与健康状况不佳相关的所有健康维度都归入三个广泛的类别：身体健康（例如，食欲，活动能力和睡眠），心理健康（例如，恼怒/沮丧和恐惧/担忧）和社会关系（例如，家庭和朋友）。EQ-5D-Y DS 通常被认为是相关和全面的，尽管一些可能与当地人口相关的健康维度（社会关系和食欲）未涵盖在内。
英国英语 EQ-5D-Y 工具经过改编，生成了新加坡英语 EQ-5D-Y 工具，该工具对年仅 8 岁的当地儿童来说是可以理解的。EQ-5D-Y DS 通常与衡量当地儿童的健康状况有关。未来的研究应确定在 EQ-5D-Y DS 中添加与社会关系和食欲相关的附加项目的好处。
