Global, reginal, national burden and risk factors in female breast cancer from 1990 to 2021.

This study was to assess the burden, trends, and risk factors associated with female breast cancer from 1990 to 2021 based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. In 2021, there were 20.32 million prevalent cases, 2.08 million incident cases, 0.66 million death cases, and 20.26 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). It presented an ascending trend in the age-standardized rates of prevalence and incidence over the past 32 years. The age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) increased slightly during 2012-2021. The DALYs increase was primarily driven by population aging and growth. High red meat intake accounted for the highest proportion of ASDR. Breast cancer burden attributed to metabolic risks increased, especially in the regions with low social-development index (SDI) and limited health systems. Dietary, behavior, and metabolic risk factors should be controlled to diminish breast cancer burden, especially in countries with lower SDI.