埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷地区一家公立综合医院孕妇的营养不良患病率及相关因素：一项横断面研究设计
Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in a Public General Hospital, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study Design.
作者信息
Ayele Ebud, Gebreayezgi Guesh, Mariye Teklewoini, Bahrey Degena, Aregawi Gebrekiros, Kidanemariam Gebregziabher
机构信息
Department of Public Health Nutrition, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.
出版信息
J Nutr Metab. 2020 Oct 7;2020:2736536. doi: 10.1155/2020/2736536. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Undernutrition is a global health problem, particularly in pregnant women. Despite the limited studies performed in different parts of Ethiopia, the information about the prevalence of undernutrition of pregnant women in the current study area is not documented. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors in pregnant women.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Tigray region from August 01 to December 30, 2018. Study subjects were selected by systematic sampling technique from the respective hospitals. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were cleaned and entered using Epi-Data version 3.1 and then exported to statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23.0 for analysis. Multivariate analyses were carried out, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CI and significance level ( value) <0.05 were considered.
RESULTS
Out of the total 844 selected pregnant women, 840 participated in the study, yielding a response rate of 99.5%; of this, respondent's undernutrition prevalence was found to be 40.6% with 95% confidence interval (38.93% and 42.27%). Agriculture as occupation (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.5, 4.5), women who wanted the pregnancy (AOR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.448), no history malaria during pregnancy (AOR = 0.291, 95%: (0.152, 0.555)), coffee intake during pregnancy (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.69), and hemoglobin < 11 g/dl (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI: 3.09, 7.8) were the factors that were significantly associated with undernutrition, value (<0.05).
CONCLUSION
In this study, occupation, history of having malaria during pregnancy, wanted type pregnancy, coffee intake during pregnancy, and hemoglobin < 11 g/dl were factors significantly associated with undernutrition in pregnant mothers. So, healthcare providers, policymakers, and other stakeholders should give special focus on these factors.
背景
营养不良是一个全球性的健康问题，在孕妇中尤为突出。尽管在埃塞俄比亚不同地区开展的研究有限，但目前研究区域内孕妇营养不良患病率的相关信息尚无记录。因此，本研究旨在评估孕妇营养不良的患病率及其相关因素。
方法
2018年8月1日至12月30日在提格雷地区开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究对象通过系统抽样技术从各医院选取。采用访谈式问卷收集数据。数据使用Epi-Data 3.1版本进行清理和录入，然后导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）23.0版本进行分析。进行多变量分析，调整后的优势比（AOR）及95%置信区间（CI）和显著性水平（P值）<0.05被视为有统计学意义。
结果
在总共844名选定的孕妇中，840名参与了研究，应答率为99.5%；其中，应答者的营养不良患病率为40.6%，95%置信区间为（38.93%和42.27%）。职业为农业（AOR = 2.6，95% CI：1.5，4.5）、想要此次怀孕的女性（AOR = 0.25，95% CI：0.14，0.448）、孕期无疟疾史（AOR = 0.291，95%：（0.152，0.555））、孕期喝咖啡（AOR = 1.6，95% CI：1.04，2.69）以及血红蛋白<11 g/dl（AOR = 4.9，95% CI：3.09，7.8）是与营养不良显著相关的因素，P值（<0.05）。
结论
在本研究中，职业、孕期疟疾史、怀孕意愿类型、孕期喝咖啡以及血红蛋白<11 g/dl是与孕妇营养不良显著相关的因素。因此，医疗服务提供者、政策制定者和其他利益相关者应特别关注这些因素。
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