Gelabert Pere, Bickle Penny, Hofmann Daniela, Teschler-Nicola Maria, Anders Alexandra, Huang Xin, Hämmerle Michelle, Olalde Iñigo, Fournier Romain, Ringbauer Harald, Akbari Ali, Cheronet Olivia, Lazaridis Iosif, Broomandkhoshbacht Nasreen, Fernandes Daniel M, Buttinger Katharina, Callan Kim, Candilio Francesca, Bravo Morante Guillermo, Curtis Elizabeth, Ferry Matthew, Keating Denise, Freilich Suzanne, Kearns Aisling, Harney Éadaoin, Lawson Ann Marie, Mandl Kirsten, Michel Megan, Oberreiter Victoria, Zagorc Brina, Oppenheimer Jonas, Sawyer Susanna, Schattke Constanze, Özdoğan Kadir Toykan, Qiu Lijun, Workman J Noah, Zalzala Fatma, Mallick Swapan, Mah Matthew, Micco Adam, Pieler Franz, Pavuk Juraj, Šefčáková Alena, Lazar Catalin, Starović Andrej, Djuric Marija, Krznarić Škrivanko Maja, Šlaus Mario, Bedić Željka, Novotny Friederike, D Szabó László, Cserpák-Laczi Orsolya, Hága Tamara, Szolnoki László, Hajdú Zsigmond, Mirea Pavel, Nagy Emese Gyöngyvér, Virág Zsuzsanna M, Horváth M Attila, Horváth László András, T Biró Katalin, Domboróczki László, Szeniczey Tamás, Jakucs János, Szelekovszky Márta, Zoltán Farkas, Sztáncsuj Sándor József, Tóth Krisztián, Csengeri Piroska, Pap Ildikó, Patay Róbert, Putica Anđelka, Vasov Branislav, Havasi Bálint, Sebők Katalin, Raczky Pál, Lovász Gabriella, Tvrdý Zdeněk, Rohland Nadin, Novak Mario, Ruttkay Matej, Krošláková Maria, Bátora Jozef, Paluch Tibor, Borić Dušan, Dani János, Kuhlwilm Martin, Palamara Pier Francesco, Hajdu Tamás, Pinhasi Ron, Reich David
Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Jan;9(1):53-64. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-02034-z. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
The Linearbandkeramik (LBK) Neolithic communities were the first to spread farming across large parts of Europe. We report genome-wide data for 250 individuals: 178 individuals from whole-cemetery surveys of the Alföld Linearbankeramik Culture eastern LBK site of Polgár-Ferenci-hát, the western LBK site of Nitra Horné Krškany and the western LBK settlement and massacre site of Asparn-Schletz, as well as 48 LBK individuals from 16 other sites and 24 earlier Körös and Starčevo individuals from 17 more sites. Here we show a systematically higher percentage of western hunter-gatherer ancestry in eastern than in western LBK sites, showing that these two distinct LBK groups had different genetic trajectories. We find evidence for patrilocality, with more structure across sites in the male than in the female lines and a higher rate of within-site relatives for males. At Asparn-Schletz we find almost no relatives, showing that the massacred individuals were from a large population, not a small community.
线性陶新石器时代社群是首批将农耕传播至欧洲大部分地区的群体。我们报告了250个人的全基因组数据：其中178人来自对阿尔föld线性陶文化东部线性陶遗址波尔加尔-费伦茨-哈特、西部线性陶遗址尼特拉霍内克鲁什卡尼以及西部线性陶聚落兼屠杀遗址阿斯帕尔恩-施莱茨的全墓地调查，还有来自其他16个遗址的48名线性陶个体以及来自另外17个遗址的24名更早的科罗斯和斯塔切沃个体。我们在此表明，东部线性陶遗址中西方狩猎采集者血统的比例系统地高于西部，这表明这两个不同的线性陶群体有着不同的遗传轨迹。我们发现了从夫居的证据，男性谱系中跨遗址的结构比女性谱系更多，且男性的遗址内亲属率更高。在阿斯帕尔恩-施莱茨，我们几乎没有发现亲属关系，这表明被屠杀的个体来自一个大群体，而非一个小社群。
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