Eghlima Ghasem, Mohammadi Meisam, Ranjabr Mohammad-Ebrahim, Nezamdoost Delaram, Mammadov Ayaz
Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Dec 20;24(1):1220. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05986-6.
Pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is an herbaceous ornamental and medicinal plant. Climate models predict a reduction of precipitations and increasing the average temperature. Therefore, agricultural plants will be more frequently exposed to water deficit stress. To investigate the influence of nano-silicon foliar application (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg L) on the alleviation of drought stress (100, 75, and 50% Field capacity (FC)) adverse effects on marigold plant characteristics, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The chlorophyll content of plants treated with nano-silicon 200 mg L decreased by 8.39% when drought stress increased from 100 to 50% FC. In line with electrolyte leakage percentage, the highest malondialdehyde and HO content was measured in non-treated plants under a drought level of 50% FC. The activity of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes increased with increasing nano-silicon concentration and drought stress severity. Under all levels of nano-silicon treatment, the cell's abscisic acid content increased with increasing drought severity. Also, the highest abscisic acid content was measured in plants treated with nano-silicon 100 and 200 mg L. There was a significant negative correlation between electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde and HO content, and morphological characteristics, photosynthetic pigments content, total protein, and antioxidant enzymes activity. The positive effect of nano-silicon application is correlated with enhancing antioxidant enzymes activity, membrane stability, and cell osmotic potential. Also, one of the most critical mechanisms of silicon's effect on the alleviation of stress damage is the regulation of abscisic acid signaling. As a result, foliar application of nano-silicon could be introduced as a promising and influential technique to overcome the adverse effects of drought stress on morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of the marigold plant.
金盏花（金盏花属植物）是一种草本观赏兼药用植物。气候模型预测降水量将减少且平均气温会上升。因此，农作物将更频繁地遭受水分亏缺胁迫。为了研究叶面喷施纳米硅（0、50、100和200毫克/升）对缓解干旱胁迫（田间持水量的100%、75%和50%）对金盏花植株特性的不利影响，基于完全随机设计进行了一项析因试验，重复三次。当干旱胁迫从田间持水量的100%增加到50%时，喷施200毫克/升纳米硅的植株叶绿素含量下降了8.39%。与电解质渗漏率一致，在田间持水量50%的干旱水平下，未处理植株中丙二醛和过氧化氢含量最高。过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性随着纳米硅浓度和干旱胁迫严重程度的增加而增加。在所有纳米硅处理水平下，细胞脱落酸含量随着干旱严重程度的增加而增加。此外，在喷施100和200毫克/升纳米硅的植株中测得的脱落酸含量最高。电解质渗漏、丙二醛和过氧化氢含量与形态特征、光合色素含量、总蛋白和抗氧化酶活性之间存在显著负相关。纳米硅施用的积极作用与增强抗氧化酶活性、膜稳定性和细胞渗透势相关。此外，硅缓解胁迫损伤作用的最关键机制之一是对脱落酸信号的调节。因此，叶面喷施纳米硅可作为一种有前景且有影响力的技术，用于克服干旱胁迫对金盏花植株形态生理和生化特性的不利影响。
