Močnik Tea, Ličen Sabina, Zidarn Mihaela, Prosen Mirko
Allergy Unit, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 20;12(24):2569. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12242569.
Beekeeping plays crucial natural and economic roles but also poses health risks, as bee stings can cause severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition that requires timely intervention. Understanding symptoms and the proper use of adrenaline autoinjectors is essential to minimize risks. This study aimed to assess the need for education on anaphylaxis and to develop a health education program to enhance beekeepers' preparedness and safety.
A qualitative descriptive interpretative method was employed. Two focus groups were conducted, one with eight health care professionals specializing in allergy and clinical immunology and the other with six active beekeepers. The data were analyzed via content analysis using QDA Miner Lite v3.0.5 software.
The analysis structure comprises five thematic areas: (1) the management of anaphylaxis; (2) the prevention of anaphylaxis; (3) health education approaches; (4) systemic approaches in prevention; and (5) adrenaline autoinjectors. The results highlight key challenges, including the need for better strategies to manage anaphylaxis, improve prevention, and provide practical educational programs for beekeepers. There is also a need for better collaboration between health care professionals and beekeepers, as well as improved access to and knowledge of adrenaline autoinjectors.
Targeted education for beekeepers on recognizing anaphylaxis symptoms and using adrenaline autoinjectors is essential for timely intervention and preventing severe outcomes. Given their exposure to bee stings, beekeepers require proper training and regular practice to improve preparedness and safety. This research underscores the need for a comprehensive educational program to reduce anaphylaxis risk and enhance safety in beekeeping.
养蜂业在自然和经济方面发挥着关键作用，但也带来健康风险，因为蜜蜂蜇伤可引发严重过敏反应，如过敏性休克，这是一种可能危及生命的状况，需要及时干预。了解症状和正确使用肾上腺素自动注射器对于将风险降至最低至关重要。本研究旨在评估过敏反应健康教育的需求，并制定一项健康教育计划，以提高养蜂人的防范意识和安全性。
采用定性描述性解释方法。进行了两个焦点小组讨论，一个小组有八名专门从事过敏和临床免疫学的医疗保健专业人员，另一个小组有六名活跃的养蜂人。使用QDA Miner Lite v3.0.5软件通过内容分析对数据进行分析。
分析结构包括五个主题领域：（1）过敏反应的管理；（2）过敏反应的预防；（3）健康教育方法；（4）预防的系统方法；（5）肾上腺素自动注射器。结果突出了关键挑战，包括需要更好的策略来管理过敏反应、改进预防措施以及为养蜂人提供实用的教育计划。还需要医疗保健专业人员和养蜂人之间更好的合作，以及改善对肾上腺素自动注射器的获取和了解。
针对养蜂人开展关于识别过敏反应症状和使用肾上腺素自动注射器的定向教育对于及时干预和预防严重后果至关重要。鉴于养蜂人面临蜜蜂蜇伤的风险，他们需要接受适当的培训并定期练习，以提高防范意识和安全性。本研究强调需要一项全面的教育计划，以降低过敏反应风险并提高养蜂业的安全性。
