Frisancho A R, Matos J, Leonard W R, Yaroch L A
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1985 Mar;66(3):247-61. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330660302.
To investigate the determinants of low birth weight in infants born to adolescent mothers, we studied the obstetric population attended at the Maternity Hospital of Lima, Peru. From this population, 1256 gravidas, ranging in age from 12 to 25 years, volunteered to participate in this study. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were used to evaluate the nutritional status and physiological maturity of the mother and newborn. For analytical reasons the young teenaged mothers (less than 15 years) were classified as either still-growing or having completed their growth, depending on their height relative to their parents' height. Similarly, the young teenagers were classified as either gynecologically immature or gynecologically mature depending on whether their gynecological age was less than or greater than 2 years. Our results indicate that young still-growing teenagers, even when matched for nutritional status, have smaller newborns than adult mothers. The data also demonstrate that maternal gynecological age per se does not affect prenatal growth. As inferred from multivariate analyses, it appears that the reduction in birth weight among young teenagers can be explained in part by a decreased net availability of nutrients resulting from the competition for nutrients between the mother's growth needs and the growth needs of her fetus and by an inability of the teenage placenta to maintain placental function adequately for active fetal growth.
为了调查青春期母亲所生婴儿低出生体重的决定因素，我们研究了秘鲁利马妇产医院的产科人群。在这一人群中，1256名年龄在12至25岁之间的孕妇自愿参与了本研究。采用人体测量和生化测量方法来评估母亲和新生儿的营养状况及生理成熟度。出于分析目的，年轻的青少年母亲（小于15岁）根据其身高相对于父母身高的情况，被分类为仍在生长或已完成生长。同样，年轻的青少年根据其妇科年龄小于或大于2岁，被分类为妇科不成熟或妇科成熟。我们的结果表明，即使在营养状况匹配的情况下，仍在生长的年轻青少年母亲所生的新生儿比成年母亲所生的新生儿更小。数据还表明，母亲的妇科年龄本身并不影响产前生长。从多变量分析推断，青少年出生体重降低的部分原因似乎是母亲生长需求与胎儿生长需求之间对营养的竞争导致营养净供应量减少，以及青少年胎盘无法充分维持胎盘功能以支持胎儿积极生长。
