Antitumor Activity of : Methanolic Extracts and Gene Regulation in Colorectal Cancer.

A promising approach to accelerating the development of innovative anti-cancer therapies involves the evaluation of natural plant compounds. In this study, we focused on examining the effects of () methanolic root and stem infusions on the activity of five target genes-, , , , and -using colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (Caco-2). The plant extracts were prepared for testing by dissolving them in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after undergoing a step-by-step extraction process. Caco-2 cells were then treated with different concentrations of the extracts, and RNA was extracted and purified for analysis. Our results demonstrated a dose-dependent relationship between the phytoconstituents of and the overexpression of , along with the downregulation of , , , and genes. This suggests that acts as a potent natural inhibitor of CRC progression. Given the potential clinical benefits, we propose the use of methanolic root and stem extracts as promising organic inhibitors for CRC tumorigenesis, with more in vitro studies warranted to validate and expand on our findings. Additionally, we recommend further studies to identify and characterize the specific metabolites in that contribute to the modulation of pathways responsible for inhibiting CRC growth.