Becker N, Claude J, Frentzel-Beyme R
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1985 Apr;11(2):75-82. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2242.
A retrospective follow-up study among chromium- and nickel-exposed welders, which took into consideration welding procedures, duration of exposure, and smoking habits, yielded an increased cancer risk in a comparison with an internal reference group of turners, milling cutters, and drillers, as well as in a comparison with the general population of the Federal Republic of Germany. Due to the cohort size (1 224 welders, 1 694 turners) and the fact that the observation period is still too short, confirmed statements as to the target cancer sites cannot yet be made. However, it emerges that welding with coated electrodes shows a higher cancer risk as compared to the other welding processes observed. This finding may be explained by the fact that the share of hexavalent chromium compounds in the welding fumes is greater with coated electrodes than with other processes so that a follow-up study observing the health risks of chromium and nickel fumes separately would be warranted. For the confirmation of a more favorable outcome with gas-shielded welding, a larger investigation group or a longer observation period would be required.
一项针对接触铬和镍的焊工的回顾性随访研究，该研究考虑了焊接程序、接触时长和吸烟习惯，结果显示，与车工、铣工和钻工组成的内部参照组相比，以及与德意志联邦共和国的普通人群相比，患癌风险有所增加。由于队列规模（1224名焊工，1694名车工）以及观察期仍然过短，目前尚无法就目标癌症部位给出确切结论。然而，有一点很明显，即与观察到的其他焊接工艺相比，使用药皮焊条焊接显示出更高的患癌风险。这一发现或许可以这样解释，即药皮焊条焊接烟雾中六价铬化合物的占比高于其他工艺，因此有必要开展一项分别观察铬烟和镍烟健康风险的随访研究。为了证实气体保护焊有更优结果，需要更大的调查群体或更长的观察期。
