Torres Keila, Cáceres-Durán Miguel A, Orellana Constanza, Osorio Martina, Simón Layla
Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
Front Nutr. 2025 Mar 5;12:1551130. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1551130. eCollection 2025.
The dietary habits of children and adolescents in Chile have been identified as inadequate, potentially contributing to low levels of essential vitamins and minerals, as well as the development of chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, the nutritional profile of Chilean university students and the impact of their diets on this profile remain largely unknown. This study aimed to assess the nutritional profile of Finis Terrae University students in the Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile.
A retrospective 24-h dietary survey, using the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24®), was administered to 124 students between September and October 2024. Data on macronutrient and micronutrient consumption was analyzed using GraphPad Prism.
Among those surveyed, 90% reported consuming at least three meals daily (breakfast, lunch, and dinner). However, 61% consumed fewer calories than recommended, only 7% met the daily intake goals for dairy, 11% met the recommended fruit and vegetable intake, and 16% fiber intake. In contrast, 65% exceeded the upper recommended limits for sodium intake. Significant deficiencies were observed in the intake of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E. Meanwhile, the intake of copper, phosphorus, selenium, folate, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 met the recommended dietary allowances.
Although most of the students consumed three meals daily, the quality of their nutritional intake was suboptimal. These findings highlight the need for educational and nutritional programs to promote healthier eating habits and improve the quality of life of university students, emphasizing regular, balanced meals, developing skills in meal preparation to reduce reliance on ultra-processed foods, and prioritizing hydration with water.
智利儿童和青少年的饮食习惯已被认定为不健康，这可能导致必需维生素和矿物质摄入不足，以及肥胖和糖尿病等慢性病的发生。然而，智利大学生的营养状况及其饮食对该状况的影响在很大程度上仍不为人知。本研究旨在评估智利圣地亚哥大都会地区菲尼斯泰雷大学学生的营养状况。
2024年9月至10月期间，对124名学生进行了一项回顾性24小时饮食调查，使用自动自填式24小时饮食评估工具（ASA24®）。使用GraphPad Prism分析宏量营养素和微量营养素的消费数据。
在接受调查的学生中，90%的人报告每天至少吃三餐（早餐、午餐和晚餐）。然而，61%的人摄入的热量低于推荐量，只有7%的人达到了每日乳制品摄入目标，11%的人达到了推荐的水果和蔬菜摄入量，16%的人达到了纤维摄入量。相比之下，65%的人钠摄入量超过了推荐上限。在钙、镁、钾以及维生素A、C、D和E的摄入量方面存在显著不足。与此同时，铜、磷、硒、叶酸、烟酸、核黄素、硫胺素、维生素B6和维生素B12的摄入量达到了推荐膳食摄入量。
尽管大多数学生每天吃三餐，但其营养摄入质量并不理想。这些发现凸显了开展教育和营养项目的必要性，以促进更健康的饮食习惯并改善大学生的生活质量，强调规律、均衡的饮食，培养膳食准备技能以减少对超加工食品的依赖，并优先选择饮水来补充水分。
