Xie Yang, Peng Yanxiu, Guo Jinhong, Liu Muyang, Zhang Bozhen, Yin Lan, Ding He, Sheng Xing
Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Fundam Res. 2024 Feb 28;5(1):17-28. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.016. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The pursuit of precisely recording and localizing neural activities in brain cortical regions drives the development of advanced electrocorticography (ECoG) devices. Remarkable progress has led to the emergence of micro-ECoG (µECoG) devices with sub-millimeter resolutions. This review presents the current research status, development directions, potential innovations and applications of high-density, high-throughput µECoG devices. First, we summarize the challenges associated with accurately recording single or multiple neurons using existing µECoG devices, including passive multielectrode and active transistor arrays. Second, we focus on cutting-edge advancements in passive µECoG devices by discussing the design principles and fabrication strategies to optimize three key parameters: impedance, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, recent findings highlight the need for further research and development in active transistor arrays, including silicon, metal oxide, and solution-gated transistors. These active transistor arrays have the potential to unlock the capabilities of high-density, high-throughput µECoG devices and overcome the limitations of passive multielectrode arrays. The review explores the potential innovations and applications of µECoG devices, showcasing their effectiveness for both brain science research and clinical applications.
在大脑皮层区域精确记录和定位神经活动的追求推动了先进脑电皮层电图（ECoG）设备的发展。显著的进展导致了具有亚毫米分辨率的微ECoG（µECoG）设备的出现。本综述介绍了高密度、高通量µECoG设备的当前研究现状、发展方向、潜在创新和应用。首先，我们总结了使用现有µECoG设备（包括无源多电极和有源晶体管阵列）精确记录单个或多个神经元所面临的挑战。其次，我们通过讨论优化三个关键参数（阻抗、机械柔韧性和生物相容性）的设计原则和制造策略，重点关注无源µECoG设备的前沿进展。此外，最近的研究结果强调了在有源晶体管阵列（包括硅、金属氧化物和溶液门控晶体管）方面进一步研发的必要性。这些有源晶体管阵列有可能释放高密度、高通量µECoG设备的能力，并克服无源多电极阵列的局限性。本综述探讨了µECoG设备的潜在创新和应用，展示了它们在脑科学研究和临床应用中的有效性。
