Garcias Biel, Batalla Mar, Vidal Anna, Durán Inma, Darwich Laila
Department of Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Departamento de Veterinaria de Laboratorios Echevarne, 08037 Barcelona, Spain.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Mar 21;14(4):328. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14040328.
: The close relationship between humans and petsraises health concerns due to the potential transmission of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria and genes. Bacterial otitis is an emerging health problem in dogs, given its widespread prevalence and impact on animal welfare. Early detection of resistance is vital in veterinary medicine to anticipate future treatment challenges. : This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AMR bacteria involved in 12,498 cases of otitis in dogs from the Iberian Peninsula and the evolution of AMR patterns over an 11-year period. : Data was provided by the Veterinary Medicine Department of a large private diagnostic laboratory in Barcelona. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the standard disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing. : The frequency of the principal bacterial agents was 35% spp. (principally ), 20% spp. (), 13% spp. (), and 11% Enterobacterales ( and ). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed (among Gram-negatives) and (among Gram-positives) as the species with the highest AMR to multiple antimicrobial classes throughout the years. According to the frequency and time evolution of multidrug resistance (MDR), Gram-negative bacteria like (33%) and (25%) presented higher MDR rates compared to Gram-positive strains like (7%) and (5%). The AMR evolution also showed an increase in resistance patterns in spp. to doxycycline and spp. to amikacin. : This information can be useful for clinicians, particularly in this region, to make rational antimicrobial use decisions, especially when empirical treatment is common in companion animal veterinary medicine. In summary, improving treatment guidelines is a key strategy for safeguarding both animal and human health, reinforcing the One Health approach.
由于抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）细菌和基因的潜在传播，人类与宠物之间的密切关系引发了健康问题。细菌性中耳炎是犬类中一个新出现的健康问题，因其广泛流行且对动物福利有影响。在兽医学中，早期发现耐药性对于预测未来的治疗挑战至关重要。本研究旨在确定伊比利亚半岛12498例犬中耳炎病例中涉及的AMR细菌的流行情况以及11年间AMR模式的演变。数据由巴塞罗那一家大型私人诊断实验室的兽医学部提供。使用标准纸片扩散法和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）测试进行抗菌药物敏感性测试。主要细菌病原体的频率分别为35% spp.（主要是 ）、20% spp.（ ）、13% spp.（ ）和11%肠杆菌科（ 和 ）。抗菌药物敏感性测试显示，多年来， （革兰氏阴性菌中）和 （革兰氏阳性菌中）是对多种抗菌药物类别耐药性最高的菌种。根据多重耐药性（MDR）的频率和时间演变，革兰氏阴性菌如 （33%）和 （25%）的MDR率高于革兰氏阳性菌株如 （7%）和 （5%）。AMR演变还显示 spp. 对多西环素的耐药模式增加， spp. 对阿米卡星的耐药模式增加。这些信息对临床医生，尤其是该地区的临床医生做出合理的抗菌药物使用决策可能有用，特别是在伴侣动物兽医学中经验性治疗很常见的情况下。总之，改进治疗指南是保障动物和人类健康的关键策略，强化了“同一健康”方法。
