Kumar K S Praveen, Narahari Jyothi M, Narayana Pramod, Prashant Akila
Department of Medical Genetics, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS-AHER, Mysuru, India.
SIG-TRRG, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS-AHER, Mysuru, India.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2025 Apr 1;26(4):1129-1138. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.4.1129.
Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is a crucial pathway in cancer development, affecting key processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and the spread of cancer cells. Recent research highlights the role of Twisted Gastrulation Protein Homolog 1 (TWSG1) as an important regulator of TGF-β signaling, showing both tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing activities depending on the type of cancer and its specific context.
This review provides a detailed overview of how TWSG1 influences TGF-β signaling in different cancers, including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and lung. It also explores the potential of TWSG1 as a therapy target and as a biomarker for predicting patient outcomes.
A thorough review of the current literature was conducted to understand how TWSG1 affects TGF-β signaling and its role in cancer progression. Studies were chosen based on their relevance to TWSG1's dual role in TGF-β signaling and its implications for cancer treatment.
TWSG1 has been found to either enhance or inhibit TGF-β signaling. It can promote processes like epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer cell invasion, and metastasis by boosting interactions between TGF-β ligands and receptors and increasing SMAD protein phosphorylation. On the other hand, TWSG1 can also suppress TGF-β signaling by binding to the ligands, preventing them from interacting with receptors. High levels of TWSG1 are often associated with worse outcomes in several types of cancer, suggesting its potential as a biomarker and a target for cancer therapy.
TWSG1 plays a complex role in TGF-β signaling that varies with the type of cancer and the surrounding environment. Targeting TWSG1, either alone or alongside TGF-β inhibitors, could offer new avenues for treating cancers driven by TGF-β signaling. More research is needed to fully understand how TWSG1 is regulated and to explore its potential for use in clinical settings.
转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）信号传导是癌症发展中的关键途径，影响细胞生长、分化和癌细胞扩散等关键过程。最近的研究强调了扭曲原肠胚形成蛋白同源物1（TWSG1）作为TGF-β信号传导重要调节因子的作用，根据癌症类型及其特定背景显示出促肿瘤和抑肿瘤活性。
本综述详细概述了TWSG1如何影响不同癌症（包括乳腺癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌和肺癌）中的TGF-β信号传导。还探讨了TWSG1作为治疗靶点和预测患者预后生物标志物的潜力。
对当前文献进行了全面综述，以了解TWSG1如何影响TGF-β信号传导及其在癌症进展中的作用。根据研究与TWSG1在TGF-β信号传导中的双重作用及其对癌症治疗的影响的相关性来选择研究。
已发现TWSG1可增强或抑制TGF-β信号传导。它可以通过促进TGF-β配体与受体之间的相互作用并增加SMAD蛋白磷酸化来促进上皮-间质转化（EMT）、癌细胞侵袭和转移等过程。另一方面，TWSG1也可以通过与配体结合来抑制TGF-β信号传导，阻止它们与受体相互作用。在几种类型的癌症中，高水平的TWSG1通常与较差的预后相关，表明其作为生物标志物和癌症治疗靶点的潜力。
TWSG1在TGF-β信号传导中发挥着复杂的作用，随癌症类型和周围环境而变化。单独或与TGF-β抑制剂联合靶向TWSG1可能为治疗由TGF-β信号传导驱动的癌症提供新途径。需要更多研究来充分了解TWSG1是如何被调节的，并探索其在临床环境中的应用潜力。
