Eyuboglu Damla, Eyuboglu Murat, Oktar Didem, Pala Seval Caliskan, Demirtas Zeynep, Arslantas Didem, Unsal Alaettin
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, 26140 Eskisehir, Turkey.
Department of Public Health, Giresun Provincial Health Directorate, 28100 Giresun, Turkey.
Alpha Psychiatry. 2025 Mar 7;26(2):38859. doi: 10.31083/AP38859. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Traditional school bullying and cyberbullying are common experiences that adversely affect the present and future mental health of adolescents. Cyberbullying has also increased during the last decade due to the growing use of the internet, mobile technological tools, and social network systems. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of traditional school bullying and cyberbullying.
The sample comprised 5491 adolescents (53.7% male and 46.3% female) from Grades 7 to 12 in 15 public schools. Participants were administered a self-report survey, including sociodemographics, school bullying, cyberbullying, and related variables. A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors related to school bullying and cyberbullying involvement.
Boys were more prone to be perpetrators or victim-perpetrators of both school and cyberbullying. The results revealed that carrying a cutting tool, short sleep duration, using the computer and mobile phone longer, and poor academic performance were risk factors for being a perpetrator ( < 0.05). In addition, school bullying involvement was related to thin or overweight body perception ( < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that being a victim or perpetrator of school bullying showed more significant risks for being a victim or perpetrator of cyberbullying ( < 0.001).
We found common risk factors for both types of bullying and an overlap between school bullying and cyberbullying. These findings should be considered for developing new intervention programs and policies for preventing bullying in Turkey.
传统校园欺凌和网络欺凌是常见现象，会对青少年当前和未来的心理健康产生不利影响。在过去十年中，由于互联网、移动技术工具和社交网络系统的使用日益增加，网络欺凌也有所增多。本研究旨在调查传统校园欺凌和网络欺凌的风险因素。
样本包括来自15所公立学校7至12年级的5491名青少年（男性占53.7%，女性占46.3%）。参与者接受了一项自我报告调查，包括社会人口统计学、校园欺凌、网络欺凌及相关变量。进行了逻辑回归分析以检验与校园欺凌和网络欺凌参与相关的因素。
男孩更倾向于成为校园欺凌和网络欺凌的实施者或受害者-实施者。结果显示，携带刀具、睡眠时间短、使用电脑和手机时间长以及学业成绩差是成为实施者的风险因素（<0.05）。此外，参与校园欺凌与对身材瘦或超重的认知有关（<0.001）。回归分析表明，成为校园欺凌的受害者或实施者对于成为网络欺凌的受害者或实施者显示出更大的风险（<0.001）。
我们发现了两种欺凌类型的共同风险因素以及校园欺凌和网络欺凌之间的重叠。在制定土耳其预防欺凌的新干预计划和政策时应考虑这些发现。
