Wang Huide, Wang Chen, Zhang Yule, Wang Ziqian, Zhu Yihan, Wang Yun, Hong Xiangqian, Zhang Han, Fan Ning, Qiu Meng
State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous integration, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety, Interdisciplinary Center of High Magnetic Field Physics of Shenzhen University, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jun;12(21):e2500752. doi: 10.1002/advs.202500752. Epub 2025 May 14.
In recent years, monoelemental 2D materials (Xenes) such as graphene, graphdiyne, silicene, phosphorene, and tellurene, have gained significant traction in biosensing applications. Owing to their ultra-thin layered structure, exceptionally high specific surface area, unique surface electronic properties, excellent mechanical strength, flexibility, and other distinctive features, Xenes are recognized for their potential as materials with low detection limits, high speed, and exceptional flexibility in biosensing applications. In this review, the unique properties of Xenes, their synthesis, and recent theoretical and experimental advances in applications related to biosensing, including DNA/RNA biosensors, protein biosensors, small molecule biosensors, cell, and ion biosensors are comprehensively summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this emerging field are discussed.
近年来，诸如石墨烯、石墨二炔、硅烯、磷烯和碲烯等单元素二维材料（二维无机材料）在生物传感应用中获得了显著关注。由于其超薄的层状结构、极高的比表面积、独特的表面电子性质、优异的机械强度、柔韧性以及其他显著特性，二维无机材料在生物传感应用中被认为具有作为低检测限、高速且具有卓越柔韧性的材料的潜力。在这篇综述中，全面总结了二维无机材料的独特性质、其合成方法以及在与生物传感相关应用方面的最新理论和实验进展，包括DNA/RNA生物传感器、蛋白质生物传感器、小分子生物传感器、细胞和离子生物传感器。最后，讨论了这一新兴领域的挑战和前景。
