基于利多卡因和丙胺卡因共晶混合物（EMLA）的组合物的皮肤效应。志愿者研究。

Dermal effects of compositions based on the eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine (EMLA). Studies in volunteers.

作者信息

Evers H, von Dardel O, Juhlin L, Ohlsén L, Vinnars E

出版信息

Br J Anaesth. 1985 Oct;57(10):997-1005. doi: 10.1093/bja/57.10.997.

DOI:10.1093/bja/57.10.997

Abstract

The effects of the cutaneous application of EMLA cream (a eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine in their base form) were studied in volunteers. When tested by pin-prick, EMLA cream 2.5% and 5% produced analgesia of the area tested, the cream being most effective if left in contact with the skin for 60 min. The pain produced by the insertion of an i.v. cannula was successfully blocked by the application of this formulation, especially if applied to the antecubital area. Temporary blanching of the skin areas was frequently observed on removal of the occlusive tape bandages, but prolonged, or repeated, application of 5% EMLA cream did not produce local skin reactions. Tests for delayed hypersensitivity reactions were negative. Plasma concentrations of lignocaine and prilocaine were low after a standard application.

摘要

在志愿者中研究了外用EMLA乳膏（利多卡因和丙胺卡因的共晶混合物，呈其基础形式）的效果。通过针刺测试时，2.5%和5%的EMLA乳膏可使测试区域产生镇痛作用，乳膏与皮肤接触60分钟时效果最佳。静脉留置针穿刺产生的疼痛通过应用该制剂成功阻断，尤其是应用于肘前区域时。去除封闭性胶带绷带后，经常观察到皮肤区域出现暂时性苍白，但长期或重复应用5%的EMLA乳膏未产生局部皮肤反应。迟发型超敏反应测试为阴性。标准应用后，利多卡因和丙胺卡因的血浆浓度较低。