Teng Yanjiao, Song Lin, Shi Jie, Lv Qi, Hou Shike, Ramakrishna Seeram
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China.
Regen Biomater. 2025 Apr 29;12:rbaf034. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbaf034. eCollection 2025.
Biomaterial is a material designed to take a form that can direct, through interactions with living systems, the course of any therapeutic or diagnostic procedure. Growing demand for improved and affordable healthcare treatments and unmet clinical needs seek further advancement of biomaterials. Over the past 25 years, the electrospinning method has been innovated to enhance biomaterials at nanometer and micrometer length scales for diverse healthcare applications. Recent developments include intelligent (smart) biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials. Intelligent materials can sense, adapt to and respond to external stimuli, autonomously adjusting to enhance functionality and performance. Sustainable biomaterials possess several key characteristics, including renewability, a low carbon footprint, circularity, durability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and others. Herein, advances in electrospun biomaterials, encompassing process innovations, working principles and the effects of process variables, are presented succinctly. The potential of electrospun intelligent biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials in specific biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, drug delivery systems, brain-computer interfaces, biosensors, personal protective equipment and wearable devices, is explored. More effective healthcare demands further advancements in electrospun biomaterials. In the future, the distinctive characteristics of intelligent biomaterials and sustainable biomaterials, integrated with various emerging technologies (such as AI and data transmission), will enable physicians to conduct remote diagnosis and treatment. This advancement significantly enhances telemedicine capabilities for more accurate disease prediction and management.
生物材料是一种经过设计，能够通过与生命系统相互作用，引导任何治疗或诊断过程的材料。对改善且价格合理的医疗保健治疗的需求不断增长以及未满足的临床需求促使生物材料进一步发展。在过去25年中，静电纺丝方法不断创新，以在纳米和微米长度尺度上增强生物材料，用于各种医疗保健应用。最近的发展包括智能（灵巧）生物材料和可持续生物材料。智能材料能够感知、适应并响应外部刺激，自主调节以增强功能和性能。可持续生物材料具有若干关键特性，包括可再生性、低碳足迹、循环性、耐用性、生物相容性、生物可降解性等。在此，简要介绍了静电纺丝生物材料的进展，包括工艺创新、工作原理以及工艺变量的影响。探讨了静电纺丝智能生物材料和可持续生物材料在特定生物医学应用中的潜力，包括组织工程、再生医学、药物递送系统、脑机接口、生物传感器、个人防护设备和可穿戴设备。更有效的医疗保健需要静电纺丝生物材料的进一步发展。未来，智能生物材料和可持续生物材料的独特特性与各种新兴技术（如人工智能和数据传输）相结合，将使医生能够进行远程诊断和治疗。这一进展显著增强了远程医疗能力，以实现更准确的疾病预测和管理。
