Liu Yurun, Zhou Xinyi, Zhang Kaiyu, Liu Shixue, Li Ruiwen, Gong Yifan, Wang Zhujian, Jiang Tingting, Zhang Ting, Xu Gezhi, Gu Junxiang, Chang Qing
Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China.
Eye Vis (Lond). 2025 Jun 5;12(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s40662-025-00438-0.
Interleukin detection is helpful in screening vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL). However, the levels of interleukin in aqueous humor (AqH) can be abnormally low in some cases, leading to underdiagnosis of VRL merely dependent on AqH. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of interleukins between paired AqH and vitreous humor (VH) samples in VRL cases, and to explore potential factors affecting interleukin levels and diagnostic parameters.
This was a case series study. Reviewed were consecutive biopsy-proven B-cell VRL cases of which adequate paired AqH and VH samples were obtained for the measurement of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The correlations of IL-10 and IL-6 between AqH and VH were analyzed. Influences of clinical manifestations on IL levels and positive rates of IL-related parameters in AqH and VH were evaluated, which included AqH IL-10 > 30 pg/mL, VH IL-10 > 65 pg/mL, IL-10/IL-6 ratio > 1, and Interleukin Score for Intraocular Lymphoma Diagnosis (ISOLD) > 0 in both the AqH and VH.
Seventy-four eyes of 64 patients with VRL were included. IL-10 in VH was significantly higher than in AqH (median: 1159.77 vs. 225.74 pg/mL, P < 0.001). For both IL-10 and IL-6, the AqH concentrations were positively correlated with VH concentrations in the form of power functions (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The positive rate of AqH IL-10/IL-6 > 1 (77%) was lower than that of VH IL-10 > 65 pg/mL (91%), VH IL-10/IL-6 > 1 (89%) and VH ISOLD > 0 (91%). Eyes without intraretinal infiltration tended to have lower IL-10 levels in the AqH and VH (median: 141.08 pg/mL vs. 449.10 pg/mL, 825.48 pg/mL vs. 2285.77 pg/mL; P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), and lower positive rates of AqH IL-10 > 30 pg/mL (78% vs. 97%, P = 0.018) and AqH ISOLD > 0 (76% vs. 97%, P = 0.033).
IL-10/IL-6 in AqH may not be as sensitive as the parameters (including IL-10, IL-10/IL-6 and ISOLD) in VH for VRL screening. Cases without intraretinal involvement were less likely to be positive for IL-10 > 30 pg/mL and ISOLD > 0 in AqH; the possibility of VRL should be ruled out more cautiously in these cases.
白细胞介素检测有助于玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤（VRL）的筛查。然而，在某些情况下，房水（AqH）中的白细胞介素水平可能异常低，导致仅依靠房水对VRL诊断不足。本研究的目的是调查VRL病例中配对的房水和玻璃体（VH）样本之间白细胞介素的相关性，并探索影响白细胞介素水平的潜在因素和诊断参数。
这是一项病例系列研究。回顾了经活检证实的连续B细胞VRL病例，这些病例获取了足够的配对房水和玻璃体样本，用于检测白细胞介素10（IL-10）和白细胞介素6（IL-6）。分析了房水和玻璃体中IL-10和IL-6的相关性。评估了临床表现对房水和玻璃体中IL水平及IL相关参数阳性率的影响，这些参数包括房水IL-10＞30 pg/mL、玻璃体IL-10＞65 pg/mL、IL-10/IL-6比值＞1以及房水和玻璃体中的眼内淋巴瘤诊断白细胞介素评分（ISOLD）＞0。
纳入了64例VRL患者的74只眼。玻璃体中的IL-10显著高于房水（中位数：1159.77 vs. 225.74 pg/mL，P＜0.001）。对于IL-10和IL-6，房水浓度与玻璃体浓度均呈幂函数正相关（分别为P＜0.001和P＜0.001）。房水IL-10/IL-6＞1的阳性率（77%）低于玻璃体IL-10＞65 pg/mL（91%）、玻璃体IL-10/IL-6＞1（89%）和玻璃体ISOLD＞0（91%）。无视网膜内浸润的眼，房水和玻璃体中的IL-10水平往往较低（中位数：141.08 pg/mL vs. 449.10 pg/mL，825.48 pg/mL vs. 2285.77 pg/mL；分别为P = 0.001和P＜0.001），房水IL-10＞30 pg/mL（78% vs. 97%，P = 0.018）和房水ISOLD＞0（76% vs. 97%，P = 0.033）的阳性率也较低。
对于VRL筛查，房水中的IL-10/IL-6可能不如玻璃体中的参数（包括IL-10、IL-10/IL-6和ISOLD）敏感。无视网膜内受累的病例，房水中IL-10＞30 pg/mL和ISOLD＞0的阳性可能性较小；在这些病例中应更谨慎地排除VRL的可能性。
