Morales-Cámara Samuel, Cardona-Carrascosa Lourdes, Salcedo-Abraira Pablo, Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio, Rojas Sara
University of Granada, Av/Fuente nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Cryst Growth Des. 2025 Jun 23;25(13):4685-4689. doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00080. eCollection 2025 Jul 2.
Fertilizer application is a necessary action in modern agriculture to meet the global food demand. Modern agriculture must enhance crop production while minimizing the amounts of used fertilizers to ensure environmental safety without compromising their effectiveness. One promising approach to achieve this ambitious goal is using controlled-release fertilizers, which provide an effective amount of active ingredients prolonged over time while reducing the losses caused by leaching into the soil. In this work, a novel metal-organic framework (MOF) [Mg(CHOP)(HO)]·HO, named GR-MOF-27, based on the antibacterial agent fosfomycin (FMC) and magnesium is reported. First, its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and then its stability in aqueous media was studied. The results showed a prolonged two-step release of Mg ions (release rates of 26% in 4 h and 63% in 7 d), which fits to pseudo-first-order kinetic (first 4 h) and pseudo-second-order (from 4 h to 7 d) release models. Since the metal precursor (magnesium sulfate) is normally used as a fertilizer, the nutritional effects of GR-MOF-27 and MgSO were evaluated and compared, obtaining the result that GR-MOF-27 improves plant growth by increasing shoot, root, and dried weight by 10.5, 11.0, and 13.1%, respectively. Additionally, plants treated with GR-MOF-27 showed an increase in the uptake of important macronutrients, such as 64.9% of Mg and 57.4% of P, demonstrating the benefits of using MOFs as slow-release fertilizers.
施肥是现代农业中满足全球粮食需求的必要举措。现代农业必须在提高作物产量的同时，尽量减少化肥用量，以确保环境安全，同时不影响其有效性。实现这一宏伟目标的一个有前景的方法是使用控释肥料，这种肥料能在一段时间内持续提供有效量的活性成分，同时减少因淋溶到土壤中而造成的损失。在这项工作中，报道了一种基于抗菌剂磷霉素（FMC）和镁的新型金属有机框架（MOF）[Mg(CHOP)(HO)]·HO，命名为GR-MOF-27。首先，通过单晶X射线衍射确定了其晶体结构，然后研究了其在水介质中的稳定性。结果表明镁离子有一个两步的持续释放过程（4小时内释放率为26%，7天内释放率为63%），这符合准一级动力学（前4小时）和准二级动力学（从4小时到7天）释放模型。由于金属前体（硫酸镁）通常用作肥料，因此对GR-MOF-27和MgSO的营养效果进行了评估和比较，结果表明GR-MOF-27分别使地上部、根部和干重增加了10.5%、11.0%和13.1%，从而促进了植物生长。此外，用GR-MOF-27处理的植物对重要常量营养素的吸收有所增加，如镁增加了64.9%，磷增加了57.4%，这证明了使用金属有机框架作为缓释肥料的益处。
