Turatsinze Felicien, Rutayisire Erigene, Habtu Michael
Public Health, Mount Kenya University, Kigali-Kicukiro-Rwanda.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci. 2022 Jun 8;5(2):158-169. doi: 10.4314/rjmhs.v5i2.5. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Leukemia is the most common cancer affecting children and remains the top cause of death among children.
This study aimed at determining birth outcomes and maternal risk factors associated with childhood leukemia in Rwanda.
A case control study was conducted at Butaro Cancer Referral hospital. The sample of 103 cases and 103 controls was recruited using the records for children diagnosed with Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and those who were hospitalized for non-cancer treatment as controls. Semi-structured questionnaire and phone calls were used to gather information. SPSS version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors.
The majority (56.8%) of children who participated in the study were aged 10-14 years. Overall 41.3% were born via C-Section. It was revealed that children who had had birth asphyxia had about three (3) times increased risk of childhood leukemia [AoR=2.47, 95%CI: 1.167-5.262, P=0.018] compared to children that had not experienced birth asphyxia. Children who had suffered Neonatal Jaundice, had five (5) times increased risk of getting leukemia [AOR= 5.05, 95%CI: 1.738-14.664, P=0.003].
It is important that public and private stakeholders invest more in childhood oncology researches to enable the health system deliver effective management of the cases more efficiently.
白血病是影响儿童的最常见癌症，仍是儿童死亡的首要原因。
本研究旨在确定卢旺达与儿童白血病相关的出生结局和孕产妇风险因素。
在布塔罗癌症转诊医院进行了一项病例对照研究。使用诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）和急性髓细胞白血病（AML）的儿童记录以及因非癌症治疗住院的儿童记录作为对照，招募了103例病例和103例对照。采用半结构化问卷和电话收集信息。使用SPSS 21.0版本分析数据。采用逻辑回归分析评估风险因素。
参与研究的大多数儿童（56.8%）年龄在10 - 14岁。总体而言，41.3%的儿童通过剖宫产出生。结果显示，与未经历出生窒息的儿童相比，经历过出生窒息的儿童患儿童白血病的风险增加了约三倍[调整后比值比（AoR）=2.47，95%置信区间（CI）：1.167 - 5.262，P = 0.018]。患有新生儿黄疸的儿童患白血病的风险增加了五倍[AOR = 5.05，95%CI：1.738 - 14.664，P = 0.003]。
公共和私营部门的利益相关者加大对儿童肿瘤学研究的投入非常重要，以便卫生系统能够更高效地对病例进行有效管理。
